Penal Code

General

100

A section of public law concerned with punishment of offenders

Criminal law

200

The description of a punishable act provided for in the Penal Code or another Act

Necessary elements of offence

300

Types of offences provided for in the Penal Code

Criminal offence and misdemeanour

400

A person shall be punished for an act if the act comprises these three elements

Necessary elements of an offence, unlawfulness, guilt

500

The principle of every person accused of any crime is considered innocent until proven guilty

Presumption of innocence

Elements of an offence

100

Acts, omissions and consequences are these types of elements necessary to constitute an offence

Objective elements

300

A person has this when they aim to create circumstances leading to an offence and are aware or foresee these circumstances occurring

Deliberate intent

400

A person has this if they know something bad could happen because of what they’re doing and they accept that possibility without trying to prevent it.

Indirect intent

500

A circumstance in which an individual failed in their duty to act reasonably and caused harm as a result

Negligence

Punishment

100

A punishment that deprives a person of liberty for the remainder of their life

Life imprisonment

200

A punishment meant for serious traffic violations 

Deprivation of driving privileges 

300

A monetary penalty imposed as a primary punishment for misdemeanours

Pecuniary punishment

400

A punishment which prohibits a person from entering the country for up to 10 years

Expulsion

500

A punishment imposed on a person who commits several offences of the same type

Aggregate punishment

Miscellaneous

100

Working without payment for the benefit of society as a punishment

Community service

200

Killing another person in a state of sudden extreme emotional disturbance

Manslaughter in a provoked state

300

Self-interest or other base motives are these types of circumstances

Aggravating circumstances

400

Taking away of movable property of another with the intention of illegal appropriation

Larceny

500

Voluntarily compensating for damage and preventing harmful consequences fall under this sort of circumstances

Mitigating circumstances