Vocabulary
What is a Sachem?
A leader.
** How have archaeologists learned about early life in New York?
By studying artifacts- an object made by people in the past.
What kind of shelter/home did the Algonquian's live in?
Wigwams
** True or False: The Iroquois and Algonquian groups spoke the same language.
False.
Describe a Longhouse. Which Native American groups lived in these?
Wooden buildings from 40-200 feet long. Many families lived together in one longhouse. The Iroquois.
What are hunter-gatherers?
People who got their food by hunting animals and gathering plants they could eat.
**Which is NOT an example of how early people of New York used natural resources to meet their needs?
A. They hunted forest animals.
B. They developed written communication.
C. They used wood for building shelters.
D. They fished in streams and lakes.
**What is the main reason why Algonquian's moved their villages into the forest when winter arrived?
It was the best time of year for hunting, and they wanted to be closer to the animals.
** Why did the Iroquois call themselves the "people of the Longhouse?"
Iroquois families lived in wooden buildings called longhouses.
Describe a Wigwam. Which Native American group lived in these?
Dome-shaped homes. Inside, there was a pit for building fires. Along the walls, there were wooden platforms covered with grass mats or animal furs. Algonquians.
What are reservations?
Land set aside by the government for Native Americans.
** Which does NOT describe the lives of early Americans living during the Ice Age?
A. They were hunter-gatherers
B. They lived near streams or lakes.
C. They found shelter in caves or under tents built of wood and animal skins.
D. They grew corn and traded with Europeans.
**Which of the following tasks did Algonquian children perform during the Harvest moon?
They helped pick ripe vegetables.
** What was the main cause of the formation of the Iroquois League?
Iroquois groups needed to find a way to live together peacefully.
All the people in a longhouse were members of the same _________.
Clan.
What is a wampum?
A belt made of small beads made from seashells. Used to send messages. Designs on the belts had special meanings.
Mohawk, Seneca, Onondaga, Oneida, Cayuga
** True of False: Most Algonquian people have left the New York area and are no longr interested in continuing old traditions.
False.
Some live on reservations in New York, some teach others about their traditions through storytelling, and the Shinnecock group have opened a museum and hold a powwow each year.
**What is the main reason why the Iroquois Trail was so important?
It helped people in villages stay in touch with each other.
Why did the Algonquian people call the moon in January the "Hard Times Moon"?
It was a hard time of year because the weather was cold and no food could be grown.
**What is the Bering Strait?
A land bridge which connected Asia to North America. People and animals then wondered over. This is most likely how the earliest people of New York traveled to North America.
** How did the introduction of farming change the lives of early New Yorkers?
People stayed in one place for a longer period of time and built villages.
Name the two ways that Algonquian traditions are kept alive?
An Algonquian group, the Shinnecock, opened a museum where you can see how wigwams and birch-bark canoes are built. They also hold powwows each year, a celebration which includes music, dancing, and religious ceremonies.
Name one of the two leaders that went around to the Iroquois villages to promote peace.
Deganawidah or Hiawatha.
Today, about _________ Native Americans live in New York.
75,000