Past Perfect
(had + past participle)
(had + past participle)
By the time we arrived, the movie had __________ _________.
[start, already]
By the time we arrived, the movie had already started.
I _______ _______ _______ for an hour before it started raining.
[run]
I had been running for an hour before it started raining.
I _______ __________ Paris three times.
[visit]
I have visited Paris three times.
I _____ ______ ________ here for five years.
[working]
I have been working here for five years.
By next year, I _______ ______ _______ my degree.
[complete]
By next year, I will have completed my degree.
She _______ _______ her book before the deadline.
[finish]
She had finished her book before the deadline.
She _______ ________ _______ the piano for months before the concert.
[practice]
She had been practicing the piano for months before the concert.
She _______ _______ her homework already.
[finish]
She has finished her homework already.
She _______ _______ _______ all night for the test.
[study]
She has been studying all night for the test.
She _______ _______ _______ her work by 5 PM.
[finish]
She will have finished her work by 5 PM.
He _______ _______ _______ sushi until last night.
[eat, never]
He had never eaten sushi until last night.
We _______ _______ _______ for him for two hours before he finally arrived.
[wait]
We had been waiting for him for two hours before he finally arrived.
We _______ _______ each other since childhood.
[know]
We have known each other since childhood.
We _______ ______ _______ for the bus for 30 minutes.
[wait]
We have been waiting for the bus for 30 minutes.
They _______ ________ _______ the house by the end of the year.
[build]
They will have built the house by the end of the year.
They _______ _______ the party before we got there.
[leave]
They had left the party before we got there.
He _______ _______ _______ exhausted all day before he decided to rest.
[feel]
He had been feeling exhausted all day before he decided to rest.
He _______ ______ _______ at the airport.
[arrive, just]
He has just arrived at the airport.
He _______ ________ _______ sick since this morning.
[feel]
He has been feeling sick since this morning.
He _______ _______ _______ three books before the vacation ends.
[read]
He will have read three books before the vacation ends.
I _______ _______ for hours before the exam began.
[study]
I had studied for hours before the exam began.
They _______ ______ _______ in that house for ten years before moving out.
[live]
They had been living in that house for ten years before moving out.
They _______ _______ _______ a shooting star before.
[see, never]
They have never seen a shooting star before.
They _______ _________ _______ football since noon.
[play]
They have been playing football since noon.
By the time you arrive, we _______ ______ _______ dinner.
[eat]
By the time you arrive, we will have eaten dinner.