Industrialization and Big Business
This tycoon dominated the steel industry using vertical integration.
Andrew Carnegie
This 1886 labor protest in Chicago turned violent, damaging the reputation of labor unions.
Haymarket Affair
This processing station in New York Harbor served as the entry point for millions of European immigrants.
Ellis Island
This term, coined by Mark Twain, refers to the era’s apparent prosperity overshadowing deep social problems.
Gilded Age
This 1862 law encouraged westward settlement by offering 160 acres of land for a small fee.
Homestead Act
This journalist exposed the harsh conditions of tenement housing by photographs in How the Other Half Lives.
Jacob Riis
This term refers to the economic philosophy of minimal government interference in business.
laissez-faire
This labor organization, led by Samuel Gompers, focused on skilled workers and "bread and butter" issues.
American Federation of Labor (AFL)
This term describes the blend of cultures and traditions that occurred in U.S. cities during this period.
Melting Pot
This political machine, led by Boss Tweed, controlled New York City politics in the late 19th century.
Tammany Hall
1876 battle resulted in a significant defeat for U.S. forces against the Sioux.
Battle of Little Bighorn
This Supreme Court case upheld racial segregation under the “separate but equal” doctrine.
Plessy v Ferguson
This 1890 legislation aimed to curb monopolies but was initially used against labor unions.
Sherman Anti-Trust Act
This violent 1894 strike against a railroad company led to federal intervention under President Cleveland.
Pullman Strike
This 1882 law restricted immigration from a specific country, reflecting growing nativism.
Chinese Exclusion Act
These laws, passed in the South during the Gilded Age, enforced racial segregation.
Jim Crow Laws
This 1887 law aimed to assimilate Native Americans by dividing tribal lands into individual plots.
This social reform movement aimed to improve working conditions for children and advocated for laws restricting child labor during the Gilded Age.
Child Labor Reform Movement
This inventor is credited with the electric light bulb and the establishment of Menlo Park.
Thomas Edison
The decline in union membership in the 1900s was due to its connection to this economic and social philosophy
Communism
This urban reformer founded Hull House in Chicago to aid immigrants and the poor.
Jane Addams
This 1883 law aimed to reform the federal government by instituting merit-based hiring.
The Pendleton Civil Service Act
This event in 1890 marked the violent end of Native American resistance in the West.
Wounded Knee Massacre
This farmer alliance sought to regulate railroads and increase the political power of agricultural workers.
Populist Movement
a business strategy where a company acquires or merges with another company in the same industry
horizontal integration
This early labor union sought to include all workers, regardless of skill level, race, or gender.
Knights of Labor
This type of overcrowded housing became common in cities during rapid urbanization.
Tenements
This scandal involved the Union Pacific Railroad and bribery of government officials.
Credit Mobilier Scandal
US government of forced assimilation of Native American, such as this place created by a Civil War veteran
The Carlisle School
This organization, founded in 1869, advocated for women’s suffrage at the national level.
National Woman Suffrage Association (NWSA)