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Community centers aiding immigrants and the poor.
Settlement houses
Founder of Hull House in Chicago.
Jane Addams
Corrupt urban political organizations.
Political machines
Notorious New York City political machine.
Tammany Hall
Leader of Tammany Hall.
Boss William Tweed
Legislation against monopolistic business practices.
Sherman Antitrust Act
Regulated railroads and established the ICC.
Interstate Commerce Act
Banned Chinese immigration.
Chinese Exclusion Act
Immigration processing center in New York Harbor.
Ellis Island
Favoring native-born citizens over immigrants.
Nativism
First nationwide labor union in the U.S.
Knights of Labor
Federation of skilled labor unions.
American Federation of Labor (AFL)
Violent clash between police and labor protesters.
Haymarket Affair
Carnegie Steel strike in Pennsylvania.
Homestead Strike
Railroad strike against wage cuts.
Pullman Strike
Shift to factory-based production and urbanization.
Industrialization
Wealthy industrialists with monopolistic control.
Robber Barons
Era of rapid economic growth and wealth inequality.
Gilded Age
Justified social inequality with Darwinian theory.
Social Darwinism
Organizations advocating for workers' rights and better conditions.
Labor unions
Carnegie's belief in philanthropy by the wealthy.
Gospel of Wealth
Applied Christian ethics to social issues.
Social Gospel Movement
Political movement advocating for farmers and workers.
Populism
Rural movement advocating for agricultural reform.
Farmers' Alliance
Organization supporting farmers and rural communities.
Grange Movement