ATOMS
What is the charge of the particle that surrounds the nucleus?
negative
Horizontal rows of the periodic table are called _________.
periods
Which element has the greater atomic radius, sodium or lithium?
sodium
This is a type of element that is typically a hard, shiny solid and is a good conductor of heat and electricity.
metals
This non-metal is similar to Oxygen and has an atomic mass less than Selenium.
sulfur
In a neutral atom, the atomic number is also equal to the number of ________ and ________.
protons, electrons, and sometimes the neutrons
How do you calculate the number of neutrons?
rounded atomic mass - protons = neutrons
List the following elements in order of decreasing atomic size; S, Cl, Al, and Na.
sodium, aluminum, sulfur, and chlorine
This is a type of element that is usually a gas or a brittle solid at room temperature, not malleable or ductile and is a poor conductor of heat and electricity.
non-metal
This is what an element's groups determines (2 things).
number of valence electrons and chemical properties of the element
This element is in period 2 and has 6 valence electrons.
oxygen
Atoms of elements that are in the same group have the same number of __________ __________.
valence electrons
How does the ionic radius of a cation compare with its neutral atomic radius?
the cation radius is smaller than the neutral radius
Hydrogen, Helium, Neon, and Oxygen are all? (2 properties/categories)
Nonmetals or gases
What are the 7 diatomic elements?
I, H, N, Br, O, Cl, F
_____________ are atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.
isotopes
Which state of matter is most rarely found on the periodic table?
Liquid (only mercury and bromine are liquids)
What is electronegativity?
electronegativity is a measure of how easily an atom will attract more electrons for bonding
These are the groups where the most reactive elements are located.
group 1 and 17
Noble gases have a _______ outer energy level, which is why they do not react with other elements.
full, complete, stable
How many neutrons does potassium-42 have?
23 neutrons
These are the metals of the Periodic Table and are most likely to react with group 16 of the Periodic Table. They usually form a +2 ion.
Alkaline Earth Metals
Which of the following properties does lithium have a larger value than potassium; Ionization Energy, Atomic Radius, Electronegativity, or Ionic Radius?
ionization energy and electronegativity
What is the first Nonmetal listed on the periodic table?
Hydrogen
What is the noble gas configuration for the element IRON?
[Ar] 3d6 4s2