Group 1
How was the original periodic table organized?
The original periodic table was organized Atomic Mass
How is the current periodic table organized?
Currently, the periodic table is organized by Atomic Number
Where are metals, nonmetals, and metalloids located, and how are they separated?
Metals are generally located on the left side or below the staircase, except for Hydrogen. Nonmetals are generally located on the right side. Metalloids are generally located along the staircase (between metals and nonmetals.)
What is a period, and what similarities will all elements in a period share?
A period is a horizontal row of elements.
For all elements of a period, the atomic mass increases as you move left to right.
What is a group, and what similarities do all elements in a group share?
A group is a vertical column of elements.
Elements in the same group share similar chemical properties because they have the same number of valence shells, leading to comparable reactivity.
What are the family names and properties associated with different groups on the periodic table?
Alkali Metals (highly reactive) , Alkaline Earth Metals (reactive), Halogens (highly reactive nonmetals), Noble gases (Generally Unstable) and Transitive Metals (Variable Oxidation)
How does the nucleus change, and what effect does it have as you go from left to right on the periodic table?
As you move from left to right across a period, the number of protons in the nucleus increases, which leads to a higher positive charge in the nucleus.
The increased positive charge in the nucleus exerts a stronger pull on the electrons.
What is electronegativity, and how does it change as you go from left to right on the periodic table?
Electronegativity occurs when an atom attracts electrons to itself. It increases as you from left to right on the periodic table.
What is an atomic radius, and what happens to it as you move across the periodic table?
An atomic radius is half the distance between neighboring nuclei of a given element.
When you move from left to right, the atomic radius decreases.
What happens to atomic radius as you move down a column?
As you move down a column, the atomic radius increases.
What is ionization energy, and what happens to it as you go down a column?
Ionization energy is energy required to remove an electron from an atom or a positive ion.
As you go down a column, it decreases.
What are principal energy levels, and how are they arranged on the periodic table?
Principal energy levels are electron shells that are located around the nucleus of an atom where electrons are likely to be found.
They're arranged by periods (rows).
Where are the most reactive nonmetals located?
The most reactive nonmetals are located on the right hand side, halogens.
What are some special features of the transition metals?
Transition metals form colored ions and tend to be unpredictable.
Where are the diatomic elements located?
Located on the right side, specifically elements N,O, F, Cl, Br, I and
Where are the radioactive elements located?
Radioactive elements are generally found at the bottom of the periodic table.
Which elements on the periodic table are liquids at STP?
Only Hg (mercury) and Br (Bromine) are liquids.
Which elements on the periodic table are gasses at STP?
Hydrogen (H) Nitrogen (N) Oxygen (O) F (Fluorine) Chlorine (Cl), and group 18.
Where are the most reactive metals located?
The most reactive metals are located in group 1, alkaline metals.
What determines the reactivity/personality of the elements?
Ability of an element to go through a chemical change or react with another element.
Why is hydrogen, a nonmetal, located on the metals side of the periodic table?
Hydrogen shares similarities with both metals and nonmetals. It has one electron like the alkali metals, but it can also gain an electron like the halogens, group 17.
Classify most matter on earth as solid, liquid or gas; metal or non-metal, stable or radioactive.
Most matter on earth is solid, metal, and stable.
Explain the effect of nuclear charge on atomic radius as you go across a period.
As you go across the periodic table, the effect of the nuclear charge on atomic radius increases causing the atomic radius to decrease. As you go across the period, the amount of protons increases causing the pull of the nucleus to increase.
Explain what is meant by the term “electron shielding” in terms of its effect on atomic radius as you go down a group.
As you down a group on the periodic table “electron shielding” increases causing the atomic radius to increase. As you go down a group, the number of kernel electrons increases because there are more orbitals and space around the nucleus. The kernel electrons protect the valence electrons from being attracted by the nucleus.
Where are the diatomic elements located?
Majority of the diatomic elements are located on the left side, specifically C, N, O, F, Cl, Br, and I. While, H, Hydrogen is located on the right side.