atomic radius
does atomic radius increase or decrease across a period (left to right)?
decreases
The energy required to remove an electron from an atom.
Define electronegativity
The ability of an atom to attract electrons in a bond.
Define electron affinity.
The energy change when an atom gains an electron.
Which element has the largest atomic radius in Group 1?
Francium (Fr)
which is longer Na or Cl?
Na
hich element has the highest ionization energy in Period 2?
Neon (Ne)
Which element is the most electronegative?
Fluorine (F)
Does electron affinity generally become more positive or more negative across a period?
More negative
Which periodic trend explains why metals are good conductors?
Low ionization energy (electrons move easily)
which has a larger atomic radius K or Li
K
Does ionization energy increase or decrease down a group?
Decreases
Does electronegativity increase or decrease down a group?
Decreases
Which element has a higher electron affinity: Cl or Br?
Cl
Arrange these in order of increasing electronegativity: Na, Cl, O.
Na < O < Cl
why does atomic radius increase down a group
more electron shells are added
Which has a higher ionization energy: Mg or Sr?
Mg
Compare the electronegativity of sulfur (S) and oxygen (O). Which is higher?
Oxygen (O)
Why do metals have low (less negative) electron affinity values?
they prefer losing electrons, not gaining them.
Which has the highest ionization energy: C, N, or O?
Oxygen (O)
rank these from smallest to largest radius O, F, N
F<O<N
Why do noble gases have the highest ionization energies?
Their valence shells are full and very stable.
Why does electronegativity increase across a period?
Greater nuclear charge pulls electrons more strongly.
Which group of elements has almost no electron affinity?
Noble gases
Explain the general trend for atomic radius and ionization energy across a period.
Atomic radius decreases, ionization energy increases due to stronger nuclear pull