Periodic Table
On the periodic table, what does the atomic number tell you?
The number of protons/electrons in a neutral atom
How does the human body get its energy?
Food in - metabolize - cellular respiration - convert to ATP/Glucose - Energy storage and transport
How much nuclear material did the Chernobyl reactor have?
20 times more than an atomic bomb
What are the general properties of metals?
Luster, Malleable, Ductile, Good conductors
What element is coal primarily made from?
Carbon
Which subatomic particle has the least mass: electron, proton, neutron, or positron?
Electron
How long can a human be exposed to the elephant's foot before dying?
3 Minutes
How far did Chernobyl's contamination spread?
Over 40% of Europe (Austria, Finland, Sweden, Norway, Switzerland, Romania, Great Britain, Germany, Italy, France, Greece, Iceland, Slovenia). Nearly 400 million people resided in territories that were contaminated with radioactivity.
What are the general properties of noble gases?
Colorless, odorless, monatomic, and extremely unreactive, stable, very low electronegativity; low boiling/melting points
At what depth is oil found?
3,300 feet - 40,000 feet in the Sedimentary layer of the earth's crust
Why do elements of the same group have similar properties on the periodic table?
Similar Reactivity: because they have the same number of valence electrons, they tend to lose, gain, or share electrons in the same way, leading to similar chemical reactions
Name 3 Renewable sources of energy.
Solar, wind, ocean waves, hydropower (Hoover dam)
What method was most effective at putting out the Chernobyl fire?
5,000 tons of sand, by helicopter (it took three days to put out the fire)
What are Metalloids and what are they used for?
Chemical elements with properties between metals and nonmetals (look metallic but are brittle); good for computer chips
Name 3 uses for Crude Oil once it is refined.
Petroleum: Pharmaceutical drugs, plastics, fertilizers, synthetic fibers for clothing, asphalt, heating
Fuels: Gas for cars and jets
Propane: oil lamps, heating houses, cooking
How many electrons are found in the 3rd shell of an atom?
The 3rd shell has 18 electrons
How many Elements are naturally occurring verses man made?
94 are naturally occurring 24 are man made
What are the symptoms of radiation poisoning?
Dizziness, vomiting, swelling of soft tissues like the tongue, blackening of skin, separation of skin
What are Lanthanide / rare Earth metals often used for? (Give at least 3 examples)
Computers, headphones (ductility), lasers, X-Ray machines, airplane parts, magnets, batteries
What happens during nuclear fission?
a heavy nucleus (like uranium) splits into two or more smaller nuclei, releasing a tremendous amount of energy, making it unstable and causing a chain reaction
Where are the most reactive elements found on the periodic table?
the upper right corner, in Group 17 (halogens)
Give 3 examples of Kinetic energy converting to Potential energy.
sun to plant
a roller coaster climbing a hill then stopping at the crest
a set mouse trap
a bow and arrow pulled back
a faucet being turned off
What effects did Chernobyl have on the land and animals?
Food grown in contaminated land cannot be eaten. Large amounts of radioactive material was found in lakes and other bodies of water. Birth defects found in wildlife.
What are actinides often used for? (Give at least 3 examples)
Nuclear energy (fueling reactors, weapons), generating power for spacecrafts, pacemakers, cancer therapy, smoke detectors, dating rocks, coloring glass
What elements are used to slow down or stop a nuclear fission reaction?
Elements like Boron, Cadmium, Silver, and Indium are inserted into the reactor core as control rods. They absorb excess neutrons, preventing the chain reaction from accelerating uncontrollably