Definitions
Horizontal row in periodic table
What is Period
Type of element that is a good conductor of heat and electric current
What is a metal?
The period in which phosphorus is found
What is the third period?
Two directions in which atomic radius increases on the periodic table
What is down & left?
Two directions that describe the directions in which ionization energy, electronegativity and electron affinity increase
Vertical column in the periodic table
What is a group
Subatomic particles that are transferred to form positive and negative ions
What is electrons?
Corresponds to the period on the periodic table
What is principal energy level?
Element on the periodic table with the largest atomic radius
What is francium?
Element of the following has the lowest ionization energy
Lithium, beryllium, Sulfur & Chlorine
What is lithium?
Type of element characterized by the presence of electrons in the d orbital
What is a transition metal?
One-half the distance between the nuclei of two atoms when the atoms are joined
What is atomic radius?
Basis of the arrangement for the modern periodic table
What is increasing atomic number, groups with similar properties (NOT MASS)?
Element on the periodic table with the smallest atomic radius
What is helium?
Explains the relationship between electronegativity and electron affinity.
What is higher electronegativity (attract electrons) mean higher electron affinity (accept electrons)? If you attract electrons in a compound, you want to accept them, you have a higher affinity for them.
What is ionization energy?
Basis for Mendeleev's arrangement of the periodic table (2 things)
What is atomic mass and properties
Characterized by the presence of an f sublevel
What are inner transition metals (lanthanides & actinides)?
Explains the trend in atomic size moving top to bottom and why that trend is observed
What is adding an energy level, so shielding increases? When shielding increases the atom gets bigger, so as you move down a column the size increases.
Explains why ionization energy increases going left to right.
What is have more valence electrons (think Cl vs Na) so the atom holds on to the electrons tighter, (wants to gain electrons not give them up) meaning it requires more energy to remove the valence. Or what is the size decreases, smaller things (closer together) take more energy to remove the electron (think people linking arms close together harder to break apart than people spread out).
A repetition of properties occurs when elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number
What is periodic law?
Ability of an atom to attract electrons when the atom is in a compound
What is electronegativity?
Determines the properties of elements/ groups
What are valence electrons?
Explains why atomic size gets smaller moving left to right (2 things).
What is the increasing number of protons (stronger nuclear charge) but shielding stays the same?
Describes and explains the relationship between ionization energy and electronegativity
What is higher ionization energy= harder to remove an electron~ easier to attract an electron= higher electronegativity?