Periodic Table
What is the name of the rows and columns on the periodic table?
Rows = Periods
Columns = Groups/Families
What is the name of the elements that border the Zig-Zag line?
The Metalloids
What is a valence electron?
Where is the smallest element located on the periodic table?
Top right of the table.
Which element has the lower electronegativity?
Na or Mg
Na
What tells you the number of valence electrons in an element?
The last digit of the column number.
ie. 13 = 3 val e-
What family does Strontium belong to?
Alkali earth metals
What is the octet rule?
All elements want to get to 8 valence electrons to become stable.
Define ionization energy.
The energy required to remove ONE electron from an atom.
Define Electronegativity.
The tendency for an atom to attract an electron from another atom.
How much does it want another electron?
What is the name of the family with 7 valence electron?
The Halogen Family
What is the name of the family of elements that contains the most electronegative element?
The Halogen Family
Why do elements bond?
To gain/lose electrons so their valence shell has 8 and they are stable
Which atom is larger S or Po?
WHYYYYYY?????
Po because it has more electron shells
Across a period electronegativity ________ (inc/dec)
Down a group electronegativity _________ (inc/dec)
Across a period electronegativity INCREASES
Down a group electronegativity DECREASES
The Periodic Table is organized based on one number. What is this number?
Atomic Number
What is the name of the family that contains the largest atom on the Periodic Table?
The Alkali Metals
Which periodic families are most reactive? WHY???
Alkali Metals and the Halogens because they are both close to having 8 valence electrons.
Which element has the higher Ionization Energy?
WHYYYYY??????
Sr or Te
Te, because it is a smaller atom meaning its electrons are close to the nucleus and tightly held onto.
Takes a lot of energy to remove an electron
Which element has the higher electronegativity?
WHHYYYY???
C or Sn
C because it is smaller. Smaller atoms mean the nucleus is closer to the electron it is trying to attract.
Closer to the "magnet" means easier to attract.
What does the term "Periodic" mean?
Repeating patterns
What is the name of the family that will lose 2 electrons to satisfy the octet rule? What is the charge of elements after they do this?
The Alkaline Earth Metals.
Charge = +2
Any Noble Gas is not reactive because they already have 8 valence electrons.
BONUS QUESTION!!!! (Worth 700pts)
1) Write Na and Cl as ions (how do they get to 8 valence electrons)
2) What might cause these ions to form a bond.
Na+ Sodium must lose 1 electron
Cl- Chlorine must gain 1 electron
Positive and negative ions attract to form a bond
A small atom will have a ________ (high/low) ionization energy and a _________ (high/low) electronegativity.
A small atom will have a HIGH ionization energy and a HIGH electronegativity.