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The exchange of people, plants, and animals between Europe, Africa, and North America that occurred after Columbus's arrival in the Western Hemisphere.
Columbian Exchange
The first successful settlement in the Virginia colony founded in May, 1607. The settlement became part of the Joint Stock Virginia Company of London in 1620. Grew to be a prosperous shipping port.
What is Jamestown?
In this war, English colonists and soldiers fought the French and their Native American allies for dominance in North America. England's eventual victory brought England control of much disputed territory and thrust the nation into crippling debt
French and Indian War
passed by Parliament in 1767, placed taxes on imported materials such as glass, lead, paint, paper, and tea. Led to outrage and tons of people boycotted British goods.
Townshend Act
refers to an 18th-century intellectual movement that emphasized the use of reason and logic to understand the world, challenging traditional authority and promoting ideas like individual rights, liberty, and progress, significantly influencing the American Revolution and the founding principles of the United States
What is The Enlightenment?
a poor person obligated to a fixed term of unpaid labor, often in exchange for a benefit such as transportation, protection, or training.
What is an indentured servant?
The first joint-stock company in the colonies; founded Jamestown; promised gold, conversion of Indian to Christianity, and passage to the Indies
What is the Virginia Company?
Required colonies to provide food and quarters for British troops. Many colonists saw it as an encroachment on their rights.
Quartering Act
1781; last battle of the revolution
Yorktown
The proposal at the Constitutional Convention that called for representation of each state in Congress in proportion to that state's share of the U.S. population.
Virginia Plan
Spanish System to regulate and control Native Americans. The Spanish crown granted Spanish colonists a specific number of natives for whom they were to take responsibility.
What is the encomienda system?
the first governing document of Plymouth Colony. It was drafted by the Pilgrims who crossed the Atlantic aboard the Mayflower, seeking religious freedom. It was signed on November 11, 1620
What is the Mayflower Compact?
"The Shot Heard Round the World"- The first battle of the Revolution
Lexington and Concord
an uprising in 1676 in the Virginia Colony, first rebellion in the American colonies in which discontented frontiersmen took part. An overthrowing of the upper class
What is Bacon's Rebellion?
Meeting in 1787 of the elected representatives of the thirteen original states to write the Constitution of the United States.
Constitutional Convention
economic theory claiming the government should regulate economic activity so as to promote national power.
What is Mercantilism?
an English settlement on the east coast of North America in the 17th century, in New England, centered around the present-day cities of Salem and Boston. The area is now in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, one of the 50 United States.
(puritans)
What is the Massachusetts Bay Colony?
Set up the 1st independent American government (1783-88). Nonbinding "league of friendship" among sovereign states with weak central government to help with common defense & cooperation (like the European Union). Replaced by our current constitution in 1788.
Articles of Confederation
Supporters of the Constitution that were led by Alexander Hamilton and John Adams. They firmly believed the national government should be strong. They didn't want the Bill of Rights because they felt citizens' rights were already well protected by the Constitution.
Federalists
rose up as the opponents of the Constitution during the period of ratification. They opposed the Constitution's powerful centralized government, arguing that the Constitution gave too much political, economic, and military control. They instead advocated a decentralized governmental structure that granted most power to the states
Anti-Federalists
A confederacy of five Iroquois-speaking tribes that established a democracy in the northeast woodlands
What is the Great League of Peace?
a land grant program (originating in Jamestown) used by European colonists in the Americas to attract settlers and expand the colonies
What is the headright system?
Rebellion led by farmers in western Massachusetts in 1786-1787, protesting mortgage foreclosures. It highlighted the need for a strong national government.
Shay's Rebellion
A multiyear conflict that began in 1675 with an Indian uprising against white colonists. Its end result was broadened freedoms for white New Englanders and the dispossession of the region's Indians.
What is King Phillip's War?
regulated trade in order to benefit the British economy. The acts restricted trade between England and its colonies to English or colonial ships, required certain colonial goods to pass through England before export, provided subsidies for the production of certain raw goods in the colonies, and banned colonial competition in large-scale manufacturing.
What is the Navigation Acts?