Divided We Stand
This major economic factor divided the North and South before the Civil War.
BONUS: Name a second factor that divided the North and South.
Slavery.
BONUS: The North was industrialized and favored protective tariffs (taxes on imports), while the South was agricultural and opposed tariffs.
This term coined by John O'Sullivan in the 1840s meant that America was destined by God to settle the western territory.
Bonus: Compare this term to the beliefs behind American Expansion in Puerto Rico and the Philippines.
Manifest Destiny.
BONUS: Belief in the superiority of white culture and American democracy over indigenous populations abroad and in the west facilitated expansion.
This law was passed during the Civil War as a military strategy to weaken the Confederacy (Southern forces).
BONUS: Explain how this law would weaken the Confederacy.
The Emancipation Proclamation.
BONUS: By freeing enslaved people in Confederate territories, Lincoln hoped to destabilize the Southern economy and encourage enslaved people to join the Union Army.
Before the Industrial Revolution of the 1870s-1890s expanded America’s markets and boosted the country’s economy, this first technological revolution dominated the 1840s-1850s.
Bonus: Identify one technological innovation of the first revolution.
The Market Revolution
Bonus: Spinning Jenny, cotton gin, interchangeable parts
The Declaration of Independence
1776
Abraham Lincoln's election in THIS year was seen as a threat to the Southern way of life.
BONUS: Explain WHY his election was seen as a threat!
1860.
Bonus: Lincoln was a Republican who opposed the expansion of slavery into new territories, was seen as a threat to the Southern way of life. Several Southern states seceded from the Union in response leading to the Civil War.
Due to westward expansion, Native Americans were forced to leave their ancestral lands and relocate to these sites.
BONUS: Explain the Wounded Knee Massacre
Reservations.
The Wounded Knee was a massacre of 300 Lakota Sioux people by the U.S. Army in 1890.
These laws passed in the south during Reconstruction limited the rights and freedoms of newly enfranchised Black Americans between 1861-1870.
BONUS: Name two political changes during Reconstruction that were meant to protect Black Americans.
Jim Crow Laws
BONUS: 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments, Civil Rights Legislation, Freedman's Bureau, education
This wealthy capitalist made his wealth from his company the Standard Oil Company.
Bonus: Name one other wealthy capitalist and their industry!
John D. Rockefeller
Bonus: Cornelius Vanderbilt, J.P. Morgan, Andrew Carnegie
Thomas Jefferson's Election
1800
The second two-party system ended (Whigs vs. Democrats) because of disagreements over this major political.
Bonus: Name the political party that arose in the 1860s to replace the Whigs.
The second two-party system (Whigs vs. the Democratic-Republicans) ended in the 1850s due to increasing tensions over the issue of slavery.
BONUS: The Republican Party!
This major conflict was caused by territorial disputes between the US and Mexico, American expansionist ambitions (manifest destiny), and resentment from Mexico towards the loss of Texas because of Anglo expansion.
BONUS: What was an important effect of this conflict?
What is the Mexican American War!
BONUS: The conflict led to a US victory, the signing of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, and the acquisition of California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, New Mexico, and parts of Colorado, Wyoming, Kansas, and Oklahoma. The war also exacerbated tensions between pro-slavery and anti-slavery forces, ultimately contributing to the outbreak of the American Civil War.
This 1896 Supreme Court case established the "separate but equal doctrine," legalizing racial segregation in the United States.
Plessy vs. Ferguson
Before the Sherman Antitrust Act limited the consolidation of businesses into industry-dominating corporations, the federal government used this kind of "hands off" approach.
laissez-faire!
Pueblo Revolt
1680
A difference between the North (Union) and the South (Confederacy)'s military advantages during the Civil War.
During the Civil War, the North (Union) had several advantages, including a larger population, more industrialization, and greater resources such as factories, railroads, and a larger navy. The South (Confederacy) had disadvantages, including a smaller population, less industrialization, and fewer resources. However, the South did have lots of broad based support and could fight a defensive war against the North.
The United States attempted to find compromise over the issue of slavery through this law which divided the western territory in half by slave states and free states to enter the union along the 36 degree - 30 degree parallel line.
BONUS: Identify the state that entered the union as a free state and the one that entered as a slave state.
Missouri Compromise
BONUS: Missouri - slave; Maine - free.
This nickname was given to U.S. Congresspeople who passed the Reconstruction Acts of 1867, requiring Southern states to rewrite their constitutions to include African American voting rights, ratify the 14th Amendment, and guarantee equal protection under the law for all citizens.
Radical Republicans
The new immigration of the Gilded Age saw the increase of immigration from these regions.
Bonus: Compare new and old immigration
Asia, Eastern and Southern Europe.
Bonus: Old immigration saw a rise of immigrants from Germany and Ireland
Founding of Jamestown
1607
Explain a similarity between the goals of the populist movement and labor unions.
Populist leaders and union leaders both spoke out about economic reforms and changes!
These two changes during the Industrial Revolution facilitated westward expansion.
Mount a strong defense for or a strong opposition against the identification of the South during the Gilded Age as “the new south."
Answers may vary!
In some ways, the South did become “new.” The South became more industrialized and experienced more urbanization. Unfortunately, not everything was “new.” Many of the same old oppressive social structures remained or were replaced: segregation, sharecropping, and a lack of political power for African Americans.
This early 20th century era of social and political reform tried to solve the problems of the Gilded Age.
The Progressive Era
Missouri Compromise
1820