PNS
This term describes bundles of axons in the PNS that carry sensory or motor information.
nerves
This nerve, the longest cranial nerve, is responsible for vision.
What is the optic nerve (CN II)?
These receptors, located in the dermis and subcutaneous layers, are responsible for detecting changes in temperature.
What are thermoreceptors?
These receptors are used for taste and smell.
What are chemoreceptors?
This division of the autonomic nervous system prepares the body for "fight or flight" responses.
What is the sympathetic division?
This division of the PNS sends signals to voluntary skeletal muscle.
What is the somatic division?
This cranial nerve is responsible for parasympathetic control of the heart, lungs, and digestive tract.
What is the vagus nerve (CN X)?
These free nerve endings are responsible for detecting pain.
What are nociceptors?
This structure in the inner ear detects rotational movements of the head.
What are the semicircular canals?
Parasympathetic preganglionic neurons are primarily located in these two regions of the central nervous system.
What are the brainstem and sacral spinal cord?
These neurons, located in the spinal cord and brainstem, directly innervate skeletal muscles.
What are lower motor neurons?
This nerve exits the spinal cord between the 1st and 2nd thoracic vertebrae.
What is T1?
This lobe of the cerebrum gives conscious awareness of sensory information from the skin.
What is the parietal lobe?
These hair cells in the cochlea detect sound vibrations and transmit auditory signals to the brain.
What are mechanoreceptors?
This neurotransmitter is released by all preganglionic neurons in both divisions of the ANS.
What is acetylcholine (ACh)?
The spinothalamic tract carries this type of information.
This group of spinal nerves innervates the diaphragm, making breathing possible.
What are the phrenic nerves?
Pain from internal organs that is perceived as originating from the skin or another superficial area is called this.
What is referred pain?
This specialized layer of tissue in the eye contains the photoreceptor cells and is responsible for converting light into neural signals.
What is the retina?
Sympathetic preganglionic neurons originate in this region of the spinal cord.
What are the thoracic and lumbar regions?
These sensory receptors in muscles and tendons that detect changes in stretch or tension and initiate reflexes.
What are proprioceptors?
These nerves do not form a plexus and directly innervate the intercostal muscles and skin of the chest wall.
What are the thoracic spinal nerves?
These receptors in the skin detect light touch and are abundant in fingertips and lips.
What are Meissner's corpuscles?
This membrane in the cochlea vibrates in response to sound waves and is lined with hair cells.
What is the basilar membrane?
Which ganglia are used by the parasympathetic division?
What are terminal or intramural ganglia?