Hair structure
Exterior layer of the hair that protects the inner layers from damage.
What is the cuticle?
The numerical range on the pH scale goes from ____ to ____.
What is 0-14?
These 5 elements, in different combinations, make up amino acids.
Number of side bonds in hair?
What is 3?
Perm rods that have a smaller diameter in the center, and increases to a larger diameter on the ends
What are concave rods?
Innermost layer of the hair that may be missing in fine hair.
What is a medulla
Considered neutral on the pH scale.
What is 7?
They form long chains of protein.
What are amino acids?
Side bonds that are broken by changes in pH
What is salt?
Perm rods that are equal in diameter along the entire length
What are straight rods?
Middle layer of hair that is responsible for the strength and elasticity of hair.
What is the cortex
A pH below 7 is said to be
What is acidic?
Long chains of amino acids are also called
What is a polypeptide chain?
Side bonds that are broken with water or heat
What is hydrogen?
Rod type that gives a curl pattern that closely mimics that of natural curl
What is concave?
This layer of hair must be opened up to allow chemicals to enter.
What is the cuticle?
A pH above 7 is considered to be
What is alkaline?
They link the amino acids together to form a polypeptide chain
What are peptide or end bonds?
Side bonds that are broken by chemicals in waving lotion
What are disulfide bonds?
Long, soft, flexible rods that allows them to be bent to secure
What are soft bender rods?
This layer contains side bonds that must be broken in order for permanent waving to occur
What is the cortex
This is the natural pH of hair.
What is 4.5-5.5?
How many polypeptide chains make up one hair strand?
What are millions?
Side bond that is formed when the sulfur atoms in two adjacent protein chains join together
What are disulfide bonds?
Long rods that form a circle when fastened
What are loop rods?