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A raised area in a city that usually contained important government buildings and temples.
Acropolis
A small portion of Asia to the east of the Aegean Sea, which was part of the Persian Empire
Asia Minor
The term for Greek culture, based on "Hellas," the Greek name for Greece
Hellenistic / Hellenic
A temple on the Athenian Acropolis dedicated to the goddess Athena, rebuilt by Pericles during the Golden Age
Parthenon
A student of Socrates who wrote The Republic about the ideal society and government ruled by a philosopher-king
Plato
A form of government meaning "rule by the rich landowning nobles."
Aristocracy
A prominent Greek city-state, famous for being the world's first democracy
Athens
A period of growth and prosperity in Athens following the Persian War, led by Pericles
Golden Age of Athens
A war fought between Athens and the Delian League versus Sparta and the Peloponnesian League from 431 B.C. to 404 B.C., which resulted in the weakening of Greece
Peloponnesian War
The Greek term for a city-state
Polis
Son of Philip II of Macedonia; educated by Aristotle, he established an empire from Greece to Egypt to the margins of India and spread Hellenistic culture
Alexander the Great
A Persian king who defeated Babylon and was known for his tolerance and respect for the territories and cultures he conquered
Cyrus the Great
An important tyrant of Athens who created the city's first code of law, which was known for its harshness
Draco
A large empire in southwest Asia, based in modern-day Iran, known for its tolerance and imperial bureaucracy
Persia
The original, monotheistic religion of the Persian Empire
Zoroastrianism
A student of Plato who wrote on many subjects, created the Scientific Method, tutored Alexander the Great, and co-created a school that was a model for the modern university
Aristotle
A military alliance of city-states led by Athens after the Persian Wars.
Delian League
A Greek (c. 460-375 B.C.) known as the "Father of Medicine" who set ethical standards for doctors known as the Hippocratic Oath.
Hippocrates
A military alliance of city-states led by Sparta
Peloponnesian League
A Greek philosopher (470-399 B.C.) sometimes called the Father of Philosophy
Socrates
A figure in Mathematical Physics (387-212 B.C.) who invented the pulley, lever, water lifts, and pi
Archimedes
A system where a government is divided into different sections, with different people in charge of each division. Persia was known for its imperial _________
Bureaucracy
A government ruled by a few powerful people, which was the system used in Sparta
Oligarchy
A Greek military formation that provided a significant tactical advantage
Phalanx
Governors who ruled provinces in the Persian Empire and collected taxes for the king.
Satraps