Proponents
He is considered the founder of person-centered therapy.
Who is Carl Rogers?
This core skill involves repeating back what the client says in slightly different words.
What is reflection of feelings/paraphrasing?
This is the drive toward fulfilling one’s potential, central to Rogers’ theory.
What is the actualizing tendency?
Person-Centered Therapy is often used in this type of setting, with clients who may not have severe psychopathology.
What are counseling/educational settings?
One critique is that Person-Centered Therapy lacks these structured elements often expected in therapy.
What are techniques/interventions?
The Swiss psychologist influenced Carl Rogers with ideas about self-actualization.
Who is Abraham Maslow?
Person-Centered Therapy emphasizes this kind of regard, shown without conditions or judgment.
What is unconditional positive regard?
The difference between a person’s real self and ideal self is called this.
What is incongruence?
This approach has been applied to teaching and classrooms under what name?
What is student-centered learning?
Some argue it may not be effective for these clients.
What are clients with severe mental illnesses (e.g., psychosis, schizophrenia, personality disorders)?
This therapist helped expand Person-Centered therapy into education.
Who is Carl Rogers (the Freedom to Learn program)?
Instead of giving advice, therapists use this listening technique to ensure deep understanding.
What is active listening?
When the therapist’s inner feelings and outward expression match, this condition is present.
What is congruence?
Rogers applied Person-Centered principles to large-scale group encounters called this.
What are encounter groups?
Cultural critics argue Person-Centered Therapy is too focused on this cultural value.
What is Individualism?
This therapist expanded Person-Centered Therapy into expressive art.
Who is Natalie Rogers?
In Person-Centered Therapy, therapists avoid these types of questions or directives to maintain client autonomy.
What are leading/directive questions?
According to Rogers, people develop conditions of worth due to this.
What is external evaluation/conditional acceptance from others?
Person-Centered Therapy is particularly useful in this phase of therapy, where building trust is crucial.
What is the initial stage/rapport-building phase?
Research has sometimes struggled to measure this key component of the approach.
What is empathy/congruence/unconditional positive regard (therapeutic conditions)?
Roger's work later influenced this movement focused on empathy, acceptance, and authenticity.
What is the humanistic psychology movement?
This intervention focuses not on fixing the client but providing the right environment for them to grow.
What is creating a therapeutic climate of congruence, empathy, and unconditional positive regard?
Rogers emphasized that therapy is not about techniques but about this relational factor.
What is the therapeutic relationship?
This branch of health care has integrated Person-Centered principles to improve patient outcomes
What is patient-centered medicine/health care?
Some clients may find the nondirective approach difficult because they expect this from a therapist.
What is advice/guidance?