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Introduction to Personality & Personality Research
Freud
Jung
Adler & Erikson
Horney
100
The scientific study of the psychological forces that make people uniquely themselves.
What is personality psychology?
100
Freud conceptualizes the structure of personality as consisting of these three structures.
What are the id, ego, and superego?
100
Jung's theory is concerned with this structure, which he refers to as the gatekeeper to consciousness/
What is the ego?
100
According to Adler, we are striving from inferiority to:
What is superiority?
100
Horney proposed that men are unconsciously envious of feminine qualities such as the ability to bear children. This is known colloquially as:
What is womb envy?
200
A personality measure that produces consistent scores from one time to another is known as:
What is reliability?
200
True or False? There is no awareness in unconsciousness.
What is True?
200
This refers to a deeper level of unconsciousness made up of powerful emotional symbols called archetypes. Jung states that this is shared with humanity
What is the collective unconscious?
200
According to Adler, striving to improve is a process that ends with what particular stage?
What is perfection striving?
200
According to Horney, the two most important emotions in infancy which help understand later development are:
What are anxiety and hostility?
300
This type of research examines the relationships between two or more variables, but cannot determine causality underlying the observed relationships among variables.
What is correlational research?
300
This basic defense mechanism removes unpleasant thoughts from consciousness to avoid anxiety
What is repression?
300
This archetype represents the socially acceptable front we present to others that adapts to reactions/feedback that we elicit from others.
What is the persona?
300
According to Adler, what are the 3 mistaken styles (types) of life?
What are ruling (aggressive/deprecating), getting (dependent), and avoiding (isolated)?
300
Which interpersonal orientation(s) does a healthy person use, according to Horney?
What is moving toward, against, and away?
400
Does your test really measure what it claims to measure? This question refers to:
What is validity?
400
In this phase of psychosexual development children gain pleasure through exploring and stimulating their genitals/
What is the phallic stage?
400
The process of developing a dynamic relationship between the ego and the self, along with the integration of the psyche.
What is individuation?
400
According to Erikson, we develop through a predetermined unfolding of our personalities in eight stages. Our progress through each stage is in part determined by our success, or lack of success, in all the previous stages. This is known as:
What is the epigenetic principle?
400
Jerry thinks of himself as cheerful, but typically responds to "How are you?" with some gloomy answer. He is using the secondary adjustment technique called
What are blind spots?
500
__________ approaches are concerned with testing theories while __________ approaches are concerned with the generation of new theory emerging from the data.
What are deductive and inductive approaches?
500
In psychoanalysis, this refers to the analyst’s reaction to the patient as distorted by unresolved conflicts.
What is countertransference?
500
According to Jung, what are the major attitudes of the mind?
What is introversion and extroversion?
500
Foreclosure and moratorium are associated with what stage of Erikson's theory?
What is the identity vs. identity confusion stage?
500
Cross-cultural research suggests that people value their achievement goals particularly in __________ cultures.
What is individualistic?