Mortality/ Morbidity
What is a primary focus for reducing infant mortality rates?
b) Enhancing high-quality prenatal care
At what stage should preventative strategies for obesity begin, according to research?
d) Prenatal period
Which factor significantly contributes to the rise in mortality rates for suicide and poisoning among children?
b) Access to firearms
What are the two basic concepts in family-centered care?
b) Enabling and empowerment
Which of the following injuries is NOT commonly a cause of death and disability among children?
d) Allergies
What is considered the major determinant of neonatal death in technologically developed countries?
b) Birth weight
What is a major contributor to childhood obesity?
c) Lack of physical activity and sedentary lifestyle
What is a key sign of potential violence in a child or adolescent?
c) Harm to animals or starting fires
What philosophy incorporates the premises of minimizing physical and psychological distress while involving family in pediatric care?
c) Family-centered and atraumatic care
Which risk factor is associated with higher rates of childhood injuries?
c) Mismatch between developmental level and required activity skills
Which age group has the highest rates of potential poisoning related to medications?
b) Children ages 5 and under
2. A clinic nurse is planning a teaching session about childhood obesity prevention for parents of school-age children. The nurse should include which associated risk of obesity in the teaching plan?
a. Type I diabetes
b. Respiratory disease
c. Celiac disease
d. Type II diabetes
ANS: D
Childhood obesity has been associated with the rise of type II diabetes in children. Type I diabetes is not associated with obesity and has a genetic component. Respiratory disease is not associated with obesity, and celiac disease is the inability to metabolize gluten in foods and is not associated with obesity.
What approach is essential to minimize physical and psychological distress in children during medical care?
c) Atraumatic care
What is the best approach to prevention in pediatric nursing?
b) Education and anticipatory guidance
What is a significant preventive measure to reduce childhood injuries at home?
b) Installing safety gates and window guards
What is the leading cause of morbidity in children?
a) Respiratory illnesses
DAILY DOUBLE!!!
Which is the leading cause of death in infants younger than 1 year?
a. Congenital anomalies
b. Sudden infant death syndrome
c. Respiratory distress syndrome
d. Bacterial sepsis of the newborn
ANS: A
Congenital anomalies account for 20.1% of deaths in infants younger than 1 year. Sudden infant death syndrome accounts for 8.2% of deaths in this age group. Respiratory distress syndrome accounts for 3.4% of deaths in this age group. Infections specific to the perinatal period account for 2.7% of deaths in this age group.
What is the largest increase in adolescent substance abuse recorded over a 1-year period related to?
c) Vaping (using e-cigarettes)
What should be included in a nursing care plan to address comprehensive child health?
b) A thorough assessment of all aspects of child growth and development
Which is the leading cause of death from unintentional injuries for females ranging in age from 1 to 14?
a. Mechanical suffocation
b. Drowning
c. Motor vehicle–related fatalities
d. Fire- and burn-related fatalities
ANS: C
Motor vehicle–related fatalities are the leading cause of death for females ranging in age from 1 to 14, either as passengers or as pedestrians. Mechanical suffocation is fourth or fifth, depending on the age. Drowning is the second- or third-leading cause of death, depending on the age. Fire- and burn-related fatalities are the second-leading cause of death
What are the top three leading causes of death for children aged 10 to 14 years?
b) Cancer, unintentional injuries, intentional self-harm (suicide)
The home health nurse asks a child’s mother many questions as part of the assessment. The mother answers many questions, then stops and says, “I don’t know why you ask me all this. Who gets to know this information?” The nurse should take which action?
a. Determine why the mother is so suspicious.
b. Determine what the mother does not want to tell.
c. Explain who will have access to the information.
d. Explain that everything is confidential and that no one else will know what is said.
ANS: C
Communication with the family should not be invasive. The nurse needs to explain the importance of collecting the information, its applicability to the child’s care, and who will have access to the information. The mother is not being suspicious and is not necessarily withholding important information. She has a right to understand how the information she provides will be used. The nurse will need to share, through both oral and written communication, clinically relevant information with other involved health professionals
A nurse makes the decision to apply a topical anesthetic to a child’s skin before drawing blood. Which ethical principle is the nurse demonstrating?
a. Autonomy
b. Beneficence
c. Justice
d. Truthfulness
ANS: B
Beneficence is the obligation to promote the patient’s well-being. Applying a topical anesthetic before drawing blood promotes reducing the discomfort of the venipuncture. Autonomy is the patient’s right to be self-governing. Justice is the concept of fairness. Truthfulness is the concept of honesty.
What is a critical ethical issue pediatric nurses may face in their practice?
c) Balancing life-saving measures for VLBW newborns with quality of life considerations
What is a common cause of unintentional injuries in children under 5 years?
c) Falls