Federal Agencies
This federal agency involves the consumer protection agency- drugs, medical devices, vaccines, and food safety
Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
Which type of prevention involves legislation and enforcement to ban or control the use of hazardous products (e.g. asbestos) or to mandate safe and healthy practices (e.g. use of seatbelts and bike helmets).
Primary Prevention
In the PERIE Process, the etiology step helps us answer what question?
What are the contributory causes?
This governance health structure includes local health units primarily led by employees of the state
Centralized or largely centralized structure
A researcher is examining the association between divorces and fatalities due to chronic diseases. They are pulling data from marriage certificates, death certificates, and divorce records. These statistics are all examples of
Vital Statistics
This is central public health agency of the federal government.
The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS)
Which type of prevention includes regular exams and screening tests to detect disease in its earliest stages (e.g. mammograms to detect breast cancer)?
Secondary prevention
Alcohol is associated with motor vehicle collisions. Alcohol has also been show to increase slow responses and increase speeding. Slow responses and speeding also increase motor vehicle collisions. This is an example of a___
Positive feedback loop
This type of vaccine uses a toxin made by pathogen and creates immunity to the toxin that causes the disease instead of the pathogen itself.
Toxoid vaccine
A provider speaks with a patient and learns the patient only went to school through the 8th grade. The provider stops speaking to the patient because they believe the patient will not understand what they are telling them. This is an example of
This federal agency is known for providing information that protects the US against dangerous health threats, and responds when such threats arise.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Which type of prevention aims to soften the impact of an ongoing illness or injury that has lasting effects?
Tertiary prevention
This phase of the of clinical trials involves randomized controlled trials.
Phase 3
The probability that the test will be negative in the absence of the disease (true negative) is
Specificity
You are examining the relationship between food insecurity and glycemic control among diabetes patients. Household income is associated with food insecurity and glycemic control. Not including it will distort the true relationship between food insecurity and glycemic control. Household income is a
confounder or confounding variable
This federal agency has the responsibility of reducing injury and hazards in the workplace.
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
Cardiac or stroke rehabilitation programs, and chronic disease management programs (e.g. for diabetes, arthritis, depression, etc.) are examples of ___
Tertiary prevention
In the PIERE Process, this step helps us understand if the interventions were successful, how much of the problem was eliminated, and what problems remain.
Evaluation
This framework operates under the belief that Human health is dependent on animal health and the health of the ecosystem.
One Health
A patient knows there are side effects to a drug; however, they believe the benefits will outweigh the harm. The patient is acting under which model?
Health Belief Model
This federal agency is responsible for radiation safety standards.
Department of Energy
Which type of prevention aims to reduce the impact of a disease or injury that has already occurred
Secondary
Under the 10 essential public health services, "Strengthen, support, and mobilize communities and partnerships" falls under which of the 3 core functions?
Policy Development
Risk attributed based upon exposure (causal assumption) accounting for the excess risk of disease in those exposed
Attributable Risk
Asbestos is found in the insulation of an apartment building. It was discovered after several people in the building became sick. Which BIG GEMS determinate of health is at play?
Environment