Unit 1 Bio. Psych.
Which of the following is the correct sequence of the reflex arc of events set in motion by an environmental stimulus?
A. Receptors, sensory neurons, interneurons, motor neurons
B. Receptors, motor neurons, interneurons, sensory neurons
C. Interneurons, receptors, sensory neurons, motor neurons
D. Receptors, sensory neurons, motor neurons, interneurons
A. Receptors, sensory neurons, interneurons, motor neurons
Which of the following types of psychologists would be most likely to use a Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)?
TAT tests show images and give the personal perspective based on those images. Those personal projections usually a psychodynamic therapist would give. Gestalt measures patterns and illusions of thought.
Which of the following individuals would be most intrinsically motivated to write?
A. Greg, who will keep his job as an editor only if he publishes a top-selling book every month
B. Andy, who expects to be paid $20,000 for each book that he publishes
C. Carlota, who wants to publish enough books to buy her dream home
D. Savitri, who has several interesting stories that she wants to write
D. Savitri, who has several interesting stories that she wants to write
Studies of prosocial behavior show that bystanders are less likely to offer help to others who need it when
A. the bystanders are alone.
B. the weather is good.
C. other bystanders are not helping.
D. the person seems to be in dire need of aid.
C. other bystanders are not helping.
Understand pluralistic ignorance - the idea that if no one else is helping, not helping would be the right thing to do...
Which of the following techniques will a person-centered therapist most likely use?
A. Systematic desensitization
B. Free association
C. Unconditional positive regard
D. Dream analysis
C. Unconditional positive regard
Curare blocks action at acetylcholine synapses and causes paralysis. This drug is an example of a
A. antagonist
B. agonist
C. inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP)
D. excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP)
A. antagonist
Aphasia would most likely result from damage to which of the following parts of the brain?
Hypothetical and deductive thinking are characteristic of which of Jean Piaget’s stages of cognitive development?
A. Preoperational
B. Operational
C. Concrete operations
D. Formal operations
D. Formal operations
Hypothetical and deductive thinking, which involves considering hypothetical scenarios and making logical inferences based on them, are key characteristics of the formal operational stage in Piaget's theory of cognitive development.
A. Preoperational: This stage is primarily focused on symbolic thought and pretend play, not abstract reasoning or hypothetical thinking.
B. Operational: This is not a specific stage in Piaget's theory.
C. Concrete operations: While this stage involves more logical thinking than the preoperational stage, it is still limited to concrete situations and objects. Children in this stage cannot readily think about abstract concepts or hypothetical scenarios.
Mr. Phan goes to a Travis Scott Concert and gets caught up in the center of the crowd, where the entire group is violently dancing and slamming against one another. Soon Mr. Phan finds himself participating and slamming into those around him. Mr. Phan's behavior is an example of
Delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized speech are all categorized as what type of schizophrenic symptoms?
Damage to a small part of the occipital lobe would most likely result in a
A. Speech deficit
B. visual deficit
C. motor deficit
D. hearing loss
B. visual deficit
Siblings who are close in age are more similar in intelligence than siblings of disparate ages. The only possible conclusion to draw from this finding is that
B. Environment influences intelligence.
No genetic difference exists between siblings who are close in age and those who are not. On average, siblings (excluding monozygotic twins) share 50% of their genetic material. Siblings who are close in age do have more similar environments than siblings of very different ages, since they grow up in more similar circumstances.
Dr. Mayhew finds that children who are randomly assigned to watch television shows containing many acts of violence later show more aggressive behavior during recess than children who are randomly assigned to watch television shows containing no acts of violence. In the experiment, the dependent variable is
A. whether children are assigned to watch television shows that contain violence or that contain no violence
B. whether children choose to watch television shows that contain violence or that contain no violence
C. The level of aggressive behavior displayed by the children during recess
D. the level of violence in the television shows
C. The level of aggressive behavior displayed by the children during recess
dependent is the change in behavior or the effect of the experiment, which in this case, level of aggression during recess due to watching TV.
Aaron is a student who practiced for 6 months and performed in front of a 50-person audience. During his last practice before the performance, he was having trouble playing his song correctly. However, during the performance, he played it perfectly. This is an example of
C. Social facilitation.
Social facilitation is defined as a stronger performance in the presence of others. Aaron performed better in front of an audience, even though he was having trouble during practice, showing social facilitation.
Ed quit his job because he began to fear that his supervisor was spying on him. Ed frequently hears voices criticizing him, but in reality nobody is there. Ed’s problems are most consistent with which of the following disorders?
A. Obsessive-compulsive disorder
B. Illness anxiety disorder
C. Agoraphobia
D. Schizophrenia
D. Schizophrenia
Researchers randomly assigned 50 elementary school children to place a plug on their noses to limit their sense of smell. The children were then presented with a series of different foods and asked to rate the taste, texture, and intensity on a scale from 1 to 5. Another 50 children were randomly placed in a group with no nose plug and asked to rate the same food using the same scale. Using random assignment in this study can help with which of the following?
A. Random assignment can eliminate the need for a control group.
B. Random assignment allows researchers to generalize the findings to the target population.
C. Random assignment to groups would allow researchers to understand if the differences between groups was due to the independent variable (the nose plug).
D. Random assignment will allow researchers to determine if the results are statistically significant.
C. Random assignment to groups would allow researchers to understand if the differences between groups was due to the independent variable (the nose plug).
Hanna goes to Bread and Cheese, a sandwich shop, on the way home from school about twice a week. She likes it partly because she gets a card that is punched every time she purchases a sandwich. When she buys a dozen, she gets the 13th free. Bread and Cheese encourages Hanna’s business using which of the following reinforcement schedules?
A. There is no consistent relationship between free lunches and graduation rate
B. Free lunches are positively correlated with the graduation rate
C. Graduation rate is negatively correlated with free lunches.
D. An increase in free lunches consistently causes an increase in graduation rates
B. Free lunches are positively correlated with the graduation rate
The results of experiments with infant monkeys who were placed in enclosures with mother monkeys made of cloth with no food or wire with food show which of the following?
A. Contact comfort was the primary basis of attachment for the infant monkeys.
B. Female infant monkeys are more obedient than male infant monkeys.
C. Food outranked all other factors in the development of the infant monkeys’ attachment to the mother.
D. Infant monkeys mimic the surrogate mothers' behavior.
A. Contact comfort was the primary basis of attachment for the infant monkeys.
While at a crowded gathering, Zach realized that his attention was being drawn away from his conversation every time a person nearby said the word “exactly.” Zach’s response is an example of
A. the Gestalt principle of closure
B. The cocktail party effect
C. sensory adaptation
D. bottom-up processing
B. the cocktail party effect
Selective listening when we hear voices in a crowd.
Which of the following types of therapy focuses on changing a behavior by changing maladaptive thinking?
A. Behavioral
B. Psychodynamic
C. Humanistic
D. Cognitive
D. Cognitive
Dopamine, norepinephrine, and acetylcholine are all
A. hormones excreted by the endocrine glands
B. Secretions of the exocrine glands
C. Drugs used in the therapeutic treatment of memory disorders
D. neurotransmitters that excite or inhibit a neural signal across a synapse
D. neurotransmitters that excite or inhibit a neural signal across a synapse
Creativity is most closely associated with which of the following?
A. Convergent thinking
B. Divergent thinking
C. Interpersonal intelligence
D. Intrapersonal intelligence
B. Divergent thinking
Convergent thinking: This is a type of thinking that focuses on narrowing down options to find a single, correct answer to a problem. It involves critical analysis and logic to select the best solution from a set of possibilities.
Divergent thinking:This is a type of thinking that involves generating a large number of creative and unique solutions to a problem. It encourages exploring different perspectives and ideas without being limited by conventional thinking.
Interpersonal intelligence:This refers to the ability to understand and interact effectively with others. It includes skills like communication, empathy, and social awareness.
Intrapersonal intelligence: This refers to the ability to understand oneself, including one's emotions, strengths, weaknesses, and motivations. It involves self-awareness and introspection.
Whenever her father leaves the house, Koshka runs to the door and cries. When her father returns, she rushes to be near him but also cries, sometimes simultaneously hugging him and hitting him. Which of the following appears to be her attachment style?
A. Secure
B. Avoidant
C. Anxious
D. Disorganized
D. Disorganized
Key keyword is the kid runs and cries, based on the four attachment styles we learned, it closely resembles disorganized because the kid doesn't know how to respond when her day returns since her father brings both abuse and loving caring traits.
An automobile company buys advertising during football games on television. Its research indicates that most viewers are uninterested and even, sometimes, annoyed because their game is being interrupted. According to the elaboration likelihood model, what is the company’s best course of action if it wants to persuade these viewers to buy its cars?
A. Occipital lobe
B. Temporal lobe
C. Parietal lobe
D. Frontal lobe
C. Parietal lobe
Dr. Jones hypothesizes that antianxiety drugs cause a reduction in central nervous system activity. In order to test the hypothesis, what should her independent variable be?
A. High versus low anxiety levels
B. Central versus peripheral nervous system activity
C. Taking Xanax versus taking a placebo
D. Patients with anxiety versus patients without anxiety
C. Taking Xanax versus taking a placebo