Side Effects
Diazepam
hypotension, muscular weakness, tachycardia, and respiratory depression are common.
phenytoin
Careful cardiac monitoring is needed during and after administering IV
Shake oral suspensions well to ensure the medication is distributed evenly.
Fluoxetine
Takes 1-4 weeks to begin working
bupropion
Suicidal ideation, serotonin syndrome
Baclofen
depresses motor activity
Antihistamines will increase the intensity of depressant
Fluoxetine
Serious skin rashes, such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome,
decreased libido and impotence in men.
Phenobarbital
Kava, valerian, and chamomile may potentiate sedation
Intramuscular (IM) injections may produce a local inflammatory reaction
Zolpidem
Because of rapid onset, 7–27 minutes, give immediately before bedtime.
Chlorpromazine
decreases dopamine in the brain
dizziness, drowsiness, and orthostatic hypotension
anticholinergic effects, such as dry mouth and constipation
Buspirone
Improvement in 7-10 days, optimal results in 3-4 weeks. Take missed dose immediately, do not double doses.
Spinal anesthesia
vasodilation, and if the blood pressure remains more than 10 mm Hg below the client's baseline, there is a potential for shock
venlafaxine
Serotonin Syndrome- mental changes, agitation, hallucinations, coma, tachycardia, labile BP, hyperthermia
Diazepam
Pregnancy category D.
should not be taken with alcohol or other CNS depressants
Imipramine
Drowsiness, sedation, dizziness, orthostatic hypotension, dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention, blurred vision,
mydriasis, sexual dysfunction
Suicidal ideation
bupropion
It can take 2 to 4 weeks for therapeutic effects
antidepressant, also used for smoking cessation.
Phenobarbital
may cause dependence. Common side effects include drowsiness, vitamin deficiencies, laryngospasms
lithium
Lead to low sodium:
can increase the lithium level and cause toxicity
raloxifene
creases bone resorption and increases bone mass and density
Primarily used for the prevention of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.
Give with or without food.
Pregnancy category X.
lithium
Headache, lethargy, fatigue, recent memory loss, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, abdominal pain, diarrhea, dry mouth, muscle weakness, hand tremors, reversible leukocytosis, nephrogenic diabetes insipidus,
HA is a common side effect, not toxicity
Muscle weakness side effect or mild toxicity
alendronate
Prevention and treatment of osteoporosis
Treatment of symptomatic Paget’s disease in both women and men.
Take on an empty stomach with a full glass of water, 2 hours before meals, in morning,
Pregnancy category C
Do not chew
Zolpidem
daytime sedation, confusion, amnesia, dizziness, depression with suicidal thoughts, nausea, and vomiting
hallucinations, sensory distortion, sleepwalking, and nocturnal eating
EPS symptoms
Acute dystonia-Severe spasms, particularly the back muscles, tongue, and facial muscles; twitching movements
Akathisia-Constant pacing with repetitive, compulsive movements
Secondary parkinsonism-Tremor, muscle rigidity, stooped posture, and shuffling gait
Tardive dyskinesia-Bizarre tongue and face movements such as lip smacking and wormlike motions of the tongue, puffing of cheeks, uncontrolled chewing movements
Phenelzine
hypertensive crisis can also result from an interaction between MAOIs and foods containing
Tyramine- fermented food, cured meats, aged cheese, alcohol, soy products, avocados, overripe bananas, grapes
phenytoin
rash that can progress to Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) or toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN)
Alcohol increases the chance of phenytoin toxicity.
Levodopa/carbidopa
increases available dopamine in the brain
Treats Parkinson's disease