Pharmacodynamics
The type of drug that activates a receptor to produce a response.
Agonist
The process where drugs are transformed by the liver.
Metabolism
The first action when a medication order is unreadable.
Contact/verify with the provider
The most important step before taking any OTC product.
Check active ingredients
The teaching method that ensures patient understanding.
Teach Back
A reaction where a drug produces the opposite of the expected effect.
Paradoxical response
A patient factor that slows all four PK processes in older adults.
Age
Hydration Status
Liver or kidney impairment
Route of administration
Circulation status
The LPN’s primary responsibility during med administration.
Ensure safe and therapeutic administration
The OTC ingredient that causes liver toxicity when overdosed.
Acetaminophen
A mind‑body CAM modality that assists stress reduction.
Meditation
Yoga
Tai-Chi
A life‑threatening immune response involving airway swelling.
Anaphylaxis / Angioedema (either acceptable)
A factor affecting absorption when circulation is impaired.
Poor circulation/perfusion
What to do when a patient verbally reports an allergy not in the chart.
Update the chart & verify before giving
The OTC class that increases bleeding with anticoagulants.
NSAIDs
The correct way to teach a 10‑year‑old to use an inhaler.
Demonstration + return demonstration
A predictable, unintended effect that is not harmful.
Side effect
The main organ of excretion.
Kidneys
The verification method required after receiving a telephone order.
Read‑back verification
This vitamin must stay consistent on warfarin therapy.
Vitamin K
The safest strategy to improve medication adherence for a busy client.
Use a weekly pill organizer
A reaction that is unusual and not related to dose or expected mechanism.
Idiosyncratic reaction
The process influenced by protein binding levels.
Distribution
What to check before crushing any medication.
Swallowing ability & whether the med is safe to crush (formulation)
This herbal supplement decreases effectiveness of many meds.
St. John’s wort
This fruit juice increases levels of many medications.
Grapefruit Juice