Chapter 1 - Nursing Process
During a medication review session, a patient states, "I do not know why I am taking all of these pills." Based on this piece of subjective data, which problem will the nurse identify?
(a) Pain, (b) Knowledge, (c) Fatigue, (d) Anxiety
What is Knowledge
The nurse in the clinical research setting is knowledgeable about ethical principles and protection of human subjects. What principle is demonstrated by ensuring the patient's right to self-determination?
(a) Beneficence, (b) Respect for persons, (c) Justice, (d) Informed Consent
What is Respect for persons
The nurse will question the health care provider if a drug with a half-life of more than 24 hours is ordered to be given more than hours often?
(a) Once daily, (b) Every other day, (c) Twice weekly, (d) Once weekly
What is Once daily
Pharmacogenetics testing is appropriate for everyone.
(a) True, (b) False
What is Falsle
Labeling of herbal products is important. Which is an appropriate claim for an herbal product?
(a) Prevents diabetes, (b) Helps increase blood flow to the extremities, (c) Cures Alzheimer disease, (d) Is safe for all
What is Helps increase blood flow to the extremities
When developing an effective medication teaching plan, which component will the nurse identify as most essential?
(a) Written instructions, (b) the patient's readiness to learn, (c) use of colorful charts, (d) a review of community resources
The nurse knows that the patient should be informed about the risks and benefits related to clinical research. What ethical principle does this describe?
(a) Respect for persons, (b) Justice, (c) Beneficence, (d) Informed Consent
What is Beneficence
The nurse is meeting with a community group about medication safety. The nurse must emphasize that patients at high risk for drug interactions include which groups? (Select all that apply)
(a) Older patients, (b) Patients with chronic health conditions, (c) Patients taking three or more drugs, (d) Patients dealing with only one pharmacy, (e) Patients covered by private insurance
What is a, b, c
Personalized medicine takes into account the patient's...
(a) pharmacogenetics profile, (b) lifestyle choices, (c) environmental factors, (d) all of the above
What is all of the above
The nurse discovers that a patient has recently decided to take four herbal preparations. Which action will the nurse take first?
(a) Discuss the cost of herbal products, (b) Instruct the patient to inform the health care provider of all products taken, (c) Instruct the patient to stop taking all. herbal products immediately, (d) Suggest that the patient taper off use of herbal products over the course of the next two weeks
What is Instruct the patient to inform the health care provider of all products taken
The Nursing Alliance for Quality Care's focus is for health care providers to strive for which goal?
(a) Quality and safety in medication administration, (b) confidentiality as determined by the patient, (c) development of a patient relationship/family engagement, (d) patient independence within the family of origin
The nurse knows the importance of administering the right medication to the patient and that drugs have many names. It is therefore most important that drugs be ordered by which name?
(a) Generic, (b) Brand, (c) Trade, (d) Chemical
What is Generic
The nurse recognizes that when a patient takes a hepatic enzyme inducer, the dose of warfarin is usually modified which way?
(a) It is increased, (b) It is decreased, (c) It remains the same, (d) It is unpredictable
What is it is increased?
What class of drug is clopidogrel?
(a) low-molecular-weight heparin, (b) vitamin K antagonist, (c) direct thrombin inhibitor, (d) inhibitor of platelet aggregation
What is an inhibitor of platelet aggregation
What provisions of the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA) of 1994 are most important for the nurse to know related to patient health teaching? (Select all that apply)
(a) Clarified marketing regulations, (b) Reclassified herbs as dietary supplements, (c) Stated that herbal products can be marketed with suggested dosages, (d) Required that package labels give quality and strength of all contents, (e) Stated that herbs can be used as drugs
What is a, b, c
Which teaching strategy is most likely to succeed in health teaching with the patient and family?
(a) Know the reason why each drug was ordered, (b) have patients learn the generic name of each pill, (c) a repeat demonstration should follow the nurse's teaching, (d) have the patient identify the number and color of the pills
What is a repeat demonstration should follow the nurse's teaching
The patient has questions about counterfeit drugs. Which factors alert the patient or nurse that a drug is counterfeit or adulterated? (Select all that apply)
(a) Variations in packaging, (b) Unexpected side effects, (c) Different taste, (d) Different chemical components, (e) Different odor
What is a, b, c
Codeine is an example of a(n) __________ as the cytochrome P450 system metabolizes the drug to facilitate receptor affinity.
(a) agonist, (b) prodrug, (c) antagonist, (d) enzyme
What is a prodrug?
What are the clinical applications of pharmacogenetics?(Select all that apply)
(a) Improve quality outcomes, (b) Customize patient plans of care, (c) Decrease adverse effects of drug therapy, (d) Reduce cost, (e) Decrease treatment failures
What is a, b, c, d, e
The nurse is reviewing a patient's current medications. Which herbal products interfere with the action of anticoagulants? (Select all that apply)
(a) Astragalus, (b) Garlic, (c) Ginger, (d) Licorice root, (e) Ginkgo
What is b and e
When developing an individualized medication teaching plan, which topics will the nurse include? (Select all that apply)
(a) Adherence to the prescribed drug regimen, (b) always use the prescribed drug route, (c) know adverse side effects to report to doctor, (d) always double the next dose if drug is missed, (e) tell the doctor when taking OTC supplements
What is a, b, c, e
The nurse is reviewing a patient's list of medications and notes that several have the highest abuse potential. According to US standards, the highest potential for abuse of drugs with accepted medical uses is found in drugs included in which schedule?
(a) II, (b) III, (c) IV, (d) V
What is II
The nurse is aware that the rate of absorption can be changed by which actions? (Select all that apply)
(a) Modifying gastric emptying time, (b) Changing gastric pH, (c) Decreasing inflammation, (d) Forming drug complexes, (e) Eating too slowly
What is a, b, d
Patients with HIV should receive genetic testing for the allele HLA-B*5701 before being treated with...
(a) abacavir, (b) tenoforvir, (c) lamivudine, (d) rilpivirine
What is abacavir
A patient being seen at a cardiovascular clinic mentions he takes garlic, which is reported to decrease cholesterol, blood pressure, and heart disease. Which patient statement indicates a need for further teaching? (Select all that apply)
(a) I can just take garlic for my heart problems, (b) Garlic may provide some decrease in blood pressure, (c) Garlic is very effective in preventing depression, (d) Garlic will not cure impotence
What is a and c