Antipsychotics
This neurotransmitter is thought to be overactive in schizophrenia.
What is dopamine?
Shuffling gait, rigidity, and tremors are examples of this major side effect group
What are extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS)?
This atypical antipsychotic requires REMS enrollment.
What is clozapine?
These are the FIRST-line drugs for depression
What are SSRIs?
This condition occurs from too much serotonin in the body
What is serotonin syndrome?
First-generation antipsychotics primarily work by blocking this receptor.
What are dopamine receptors
Severe muscle spasms of the face, neck, and back describe this EPS reaction
What is acute dystonia?
This life-threatening side effect of clozapine requires WBC monitoring.
What is agranulocytosis
Antidepressants typically take this long to show initial effects
What is 1-3 weeks?
Name one symptom: shivering, sweating, confusion, or this vital sign change
What is tachycardia (or hyperthermia)?
These antipsychotics have a HIGHER risk of extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS)
What are typical (1st generation) antipsychotics?
Constant pacing and inability to sit still describe this EPS condition.
What is akathisia?
Clozapine must be stopped if this lab value drops below 1500
What is ANC (absolute neutrophil count)?
This serious risk increases early in antidepressant treatment
What is suicide risk?
Combining multiple serotonergic drugs increases risk of this condition.
What is serotonin syndrome?
These antipsychotics block serotonin more strongly and have LOWER EPS risk.
What are atypical (2nd generation) antipsychotics?
Lip smacking, tongue protrusion, and involuntary movements describe this late EPS
What is tardive dyskinesia
Atypical antipsychotics commonly cause this metabolic triad
What are weight gain, diabetes, and dyslipidemia?
These drugs block reuptake of BOTH serotonin and norepinephrine
What are SNRIs?
MAOIs can cause this dangerous reaction when combined with tyramine foods.
What is hypertensive crisis
Blocking dopamine can lead to symptoms similar to this neurological disease.
What is Parkinson’s disease?
This LIFE-THREATENING reaction includes fever, rigidity, and altered mental status.
What is neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)
Patients on clozapine should report these early signs immediately
What are fever and sore throat?
These older antidepressants have high toxicity and anticholinergic effects.
What are TCAs (tricyclic antidepressants)
Name one tyramine-rich food patients must avoid
What is cheese, wine, or yogurt?