Pituitary & Thyroid Meds
Somatropin is contraindicated in children with _______.
Closed epiphyseal plates.
Which lab test shows long-term glucose control?
Hemoglobin A1C.
Which oral drug does not cause hypoglycemia when used alone?
Metformin.
The maximum safe daily dose of acetaminophen is ______ g.
4 g (without liver disease).
The most life-threatening opioid adverse effect is ______.
Respiratory depression.
Which drug suppresses growth hormone and is used for acromegaly?
Octreotide.
The peak of regular insulin is ______ hours after injection.
2–4 hours.
A serious complication of metformin is ______.
Lactic acidosis.
The antidote for acetaminophen overdose is ______.
Acetylcysteine.
The antidote for opioid overdose is ______.
Naloxone.
A client taking desmopressin must be monitored for which serious complication?
Water intoxication (hyponatremia).
Which insulin is rapid-acting and must be given with meals?
Lispro (Humalog).
Sulfonylureas like glipizide work by stimulating what?
Pancreatic beta cells to release insulin.
Which patch is used for localized pain and must be worn 12 hours on, 12 hours off?
Lidocaine 5% patch.
Patients on fentanyl patches must avoid what external source?
Heat (e.g., heating pads, hot tubs).
Levothyroxine should be taken _______ (when/how).
On an empty stomach, 30–60 minutes before breakfast.
When mixing insulins, which do you draw up first?
Regular insulin (clear before cloudy).
Pioglitazone (a thiazolidinedione) must be avoided in patients with what condition?
Heart failure
Which symptom is most concerning for local anesthetic toxicity?
Seizures with hypotension and bradycardia.
Tramadol should not be combined with SSRIs because it increases the risk of ______.
Serotonin syndrome.
A sore throat and fever while on PTU or methimazole may indicate what?
Agranulocytosis
Which drug is given IM or SQ for severe hypoglycemia in an unconscious patient?
Glucagon.
DPP-4 inhibitors like sitagliptin act by ______.
Prolonging incretin activity, increasing insulin release and decreasing glucagon.
EMLA cream should be applied how long before a procedure like a lumbar puncture?
~2 hours.
A patient on opioids develops pinpoint pupils, low respirations, and unresponsiveness. What’s the priority action?
Administer naloxone.