Muscle Wasting Disorders
These can cause serious illness when given as a standard preventative measure to an individual who is taking an immune modulator such as Betaseron.
What are live vaccines?
Anti-epileptics work by inhibiting these _____ neurons and enhancing these_____ neurons
What are excitatory and inhibitory?
Sinemet is a combination medication that helps to treat this symptom of PD - slow movement patterns.
What is Bradykinesia?
When a patient is experiencing this ADR, such as is possible with Dopamine Agonists and MAO- Antagonists, it is important to check vitals and educate them to move slowly through transitions.
What is orthostatic hypotension?
In abnormal concentrations, this neurochemical can lead to Huntington's Chorea, ALS, and even Alzheimer's Disease.
What is Glutamate?
For break-through seizures, a rescue med may be given, most often through these methods of administration.
What is rectal or intranasal?
The primary effect this med class which includes Baclofen, is to reduce spasm and tension in smooth muscles, which can also, in turn, help to reduce pain as a secondary effect.
What are muscle relaxants?
These medications block ACH, which inhibits the PSN, causing ADRs such as confusion, hallucinations, blurred vision, and dry mouth.
What are Anticholinergics?
This group of medications is used in a variety of other disorders, including COPD, however used here to treat things such as MS, ALS, and MD.
What are corticosteroids?
When taking certain anti-epileptics, ____ can significantly impacted, especially in children, making compliance and participation in therapy challenging.
What is behavior or mood?
This medication is NOT a dopamine agonist, but rather a precursor of dopamine, which helps the patient create more of their own dopamine.
What is Levadopa?
L-Dopa often causes this ADR, which can be minimized by taking medication close to mealtimes
What is Nausea and Vomiting (or just nausea)
This group of medications works to decrease an over active immune response and is used primarily in the treatment of MS.
What are immune system modulators?
This is the common abbreviation that is utilized for this class of medications - what you would commonly see in a medical record.
AED (Anti Epileptic Drug)
This type of drug helps to make dopamine more available in the brain and allows it to remain active for longer periods of time. Its primary use is to help control fluctuations in motor control.
What are MAO-B Antagonists?
Antiepileptics have many ADRs- this one causes a loss of muscle coordination, causing clumsy and awkward movements.
What is ataxia?
This group of drugs are most commonly used to treat MS - they can decrease the frequency and severity of flares, but they can also cause flu like symptoms until the patient gets used to the medication.
What are Beta Interferons?
This is the most common rescue medication given for patients with severe, intractable seizures (as noted in the lecture).
What is Diazepam (Diastat, a benzodiazepine)
This group of drugs is the oldest class used to treat PD, and works by blocking ACH (which decreases PSN effect on smooth muscle).
What are Anti-cholinergics?
Although meant to assist with movement coordination in patients with PD, Sinement (L-Dopa + Carbidopa) can have an ADR of this___, defined as involuntary movements (tremor to full-body movements).
What is Dyskinesia?