Acute Coronary Syndromes
Acute chest pain that occurs at rest and usually last longer than 20 minutes.
What is unstable angina?
page 561
Nonpharmacologic management of CAD includes _________, __________, and ____________.
What is risk factor modification, patient education, and revascularization procedures?
page 561
prototype organic nitrates.
What is nitroglycerin?
page 562
Prototype Beta Adrenergic Blocker.
What is atenolol?
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Prototype Calcium channel blocker.
What is nifedipine?
page 570
myocardial infarction without ST elevation.
what is NSTEMI?
What is smoking?
page 561
Route(s) of administration of nitroglycerin.
What is sublingually, transmucosally, or IV. Not given orally (meaning not swallowed whole).
Page 563
parameters for holding atenolol.
What is resting heart rate of 60 beats per min and/or systolic BP less than 90 mm Hg
page 569
Action of nifedipine.
What is inhibits influx of calcium entering through slow channels, producing vasodilation.
page 570
myocardial infarction with ST elevation.
What is STEMI?
Example of surgical revascularization
What is coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)?
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At therapeutic doses of nitroglycerin, this population is at greater risk of falling due to risk of hypotension.
What is older adults?
QSEN safety alert page 563
Drinking orange juice increases/decreases/or does not effect atenolol.
Box 28.6 page 569
Avoid this when taking nifedipine due to twofold increase in the effects of the drug may occur.
What is grapefruit juice?
page 571
With unstable angina, _______ and ______ are extremely important in preventing progression to infarction, heart failure, and sudden cardiac death.
What is early recognition and effective management?
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Example of interventional procedure that reduce blockages.
What is primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)?
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Men with ED who take nitroglycerin or any other nitrate should not use this medication.
What is sildenafil or vardenafil?
QSEN safety alert page 563
Nonselective beta=adrenergic blockers should not be used in patients with variant angina due to they are ineffective and may increase the tendency to induce this.
What is coronary artery vasospasm?
QSEN safety alert page 567
Angina related to these conditions should not be treated with nifedipine.
What is overdose with cocaine, amphetamines, or other alpha-adrenergic stimulants?
page 571
Both NSTEMI and STEMI are characterized by a typical rise and/or fall in this cardiac sensitive biomarker.
What is Troponin?
page 561
Nonpharmacologic management improves patient outcomes, however, most patient still require _______ and __________ to manage their disease.
What is antianginal and other cardiovascular medications?
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Nitroglycerin should not be given in presence of head injury or cerebral hemorrhage because it may cause this.
What is increased intracranial pressure?
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contraindications to taking atenolol (multiple answers).
What is hypersensitivity to the drug, second or third degree heart block, and cardiogenic shock, as well as severe bradycardia, heart failure, or hypotension.
page 568
Patient education essential to teach patients to not stop taking nifedipine abruptly due to may result in this.
What is rebound tachycardia?
QSEN safety alert page 572