Cancer
A chemotherapy patient develops pancytopenia due to bone marrow suppression. The nurse recognizes the need to monitor for which three key complications?
Anemia, thrombocytopenia, and neutropenia
A 30-year-old athlete is prescribed ciprofloxacin for a urinary tract infection. The nurse educates the patient about the potential for tendon rupture and advises them to avoid strenuous exercise while taking the medication.
Achilles Tendon Rupture
A patient experiencing frequent migraines is prescribed a medication that binds to serotonin receptors on intracranial blood vessels, causing vasoconstriction and reducing perivascular inflammation. However, the nurse educates the patient that this drug cannot be taken more than once per week due to its long half-life.
Sumatriptan
A patient presents to the clinic with fever, headache, muscle pain, and diarrhea. Despite these symptoms, their WBC count remains normal. The nurse suspects a viral infection based on what key finding.
Their WBC stays the same not elevated
A patient presents to the clinic with severe pain and swelling in the big toe due to gout. The provider prescribes a medication that inhibits the migration of white blood cells to the affected joint to reduce inflammation.
Colchine
A patient undergoing chemotherapy is prescribed a medication that stimulates bone marrow to produce more red blood cells. Before administering this medication, the nurse should assess the patient's hemoglobin, hematocrit, and blood pressure to prevent complications such as stroke or heart attack.
Epoetin (Procrit)
A patient with suspected sepsis is about to receive a broad-spectrum antibiotic. The nurse prioritizes this critical step before administration to ensure the correct treatment and avoid antibiotic resistance.
Cultures (blood, urine, sputum)
A post-operative patient reports severe pain (8/10) and has been prescribed an opioid analgesic. The nurse should assess which of the following before and after administration?
Pain intensity, respiratory rate, blood pressure, and location
A nurse is administering an IV antiviral medication for a patient with severe herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection. To prevent kidney damage, the nurse ensures the infusion runs over one hour and that the patient drinks 2-3 liters of fluid per day.
Acyclovir
What is the MOA for Corticosteroids?
Suppresses Cortisol Secretion
A patient undergoing chemotherapy has a WBC count of 1,000/mm³. The nurse educates the patient on infection prevention by advising them to avoid crowds, practice good hand hygiene, and monitor for fever. The provider prescribes a medication that stimulates neutrophil production and activation.
Filgrastim (Neupogen) or Pegfilgrastim (Neulasta)
A patient receiving an IV infusion of vancomycin suddenly develops flushing, red patches on the face, and itching. The nurse slows the infusion rate and recognizes this as a histamine-mediated reaction.
Red Man Syndrome
Which Non-Opioid Drugs are used for chronic Pain?
Clonidine & Tramadol
A patient taking a medication for influenza reports dizziness, lightheadedness, and trouble concentrating. The nurse also notes orthostatic hypotension and mild peripheral edema. These side effects are common with this viral medication that blocks uncoating of the virus, preventing host penetration.
Amantadine/Ostelmavir
This TB medication inhibits bacterial RNA polymerase, leading to orange discoloration of body secretions, including urine, sweat, and tears.
Rifampin/Rifamycin
A chemotherapy patient is at high risk for thrombocytopenia and is prescribed a medication to prevent platelet depletion. The nurse monitors the patient closely for increased bruising and bleeding and frequently checks platelet levels.
Oprelvekin (Neumega)
A patient on broad-spectrum antibiotics for pneumonia develops white patches on their tongue and complains of itching in the perineal area. The nurse recognizes this as a secondary infection due to eradication of normal flora.
yeast infection (candidiasis)
A nurse is educating a patient about opioid analgesics. The nurse explains that these medications work by occupying specific receptors in the CNS to block or decrease pain transmission.
Opioid agonists
A critically ill patient is started on an IV-only antifungal medication. Shortly after administration, the patient develops fever, rigors, and flu-like symptoms. The nurse recognizes this as a transfusion reaction and knows that pre-treatmentwith diphenhydramine and acetaminophen/aspirin is required to reduce this effect.
Amphotericin B
Drug-resistant tuberculosis treatment takes how long?
6 months - 2 years
A patient receiving chemotherapy for leukemia experiences severe joint pain and increased uric acid levels due to rapid cell destruction. The nurse anticipates an order for a medication that blocks the conversion of purines into uric acid and encourages increased hydration.
Allopurinol
A provider prescribes a broad-spectrum antibiotic for a patient with suspected bacterial infection, but no culture has been taken. The nurse educates the provider that overuse of broad-spectrum antibiotics contributes to this major global health threat.
antibiotic resistance
A patient is admitted to the ER after taking high doses of morphine. The nurse observes pinpoint pupils, respiratory rate of 6 breaths per minute, and unresponsiveness. The nurse immediately administers a medication that competes with opioids for mu receptor antagonist sites in the brain.
Naloxone
A school nurse is educating parents on treating head lice with a topical scabicide. She emphasizes that while the medication paralyzes the nervous system of adult lice, it cannot penetrate the eggs, meaning a second treatment may be necessary.
Permethrin
A hallmark side effect of this Tuberculosis medication, used to inhibit mycolic acid synthesis, includes hepatic toxicity and peripheral neuropathy.
Isoniazid