Show:
Loading dose
First pass effect
Pharmacokinetics
Lithium
Ondansetron
100

What is a loading dose?

When a large dose is given to quickly bring the drug to therapeutic levels

100

What organ is directly involved in this process

- Liver

- Stomach

- GI

100

What is Pharmacokinetics?

How medications move through the body

100

What is the medication class and name for lithium?

- Mood stabilizer

- Lithium (Lithobid) 

100

What is the medication class and name for this drug?

- Serotonin Receptor Antagonist

- Zofran 

200

What is the first-pass effect?

- A reduction in the medication by the liver for medications taken enterally/PO

200

What is the difference between pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics?

- Pharmacodynamics is the way a drug affects changes in the body 

- Pharmacokinetics is how a medication moves through the body 

200

What is the indication and off-label use for this medication

- Indication: Bipolar disorder

- Off-label use: Depression

200

What is the MOA of this medication?

Blocks 5-HT3-receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone

300
What component of the medication decreases during this process?
- Medication concentration
300

The field of pharmacokinetics generally examines these four main parameters:

- Absorption

- Distribution

-Metabolism

- Excretion

300

At what level does lithium have a therapeutic response and toxicity

- Therapeutic response: 0.4-1.2 mEq/L

- Toxic levels: 1.2mEq/L or 1.5

300

This medication is indicated for what use?

- First-line agent for nausea 

400

What medication routes are a part of this process?

- Oral medication

400

THIS IS AN EXAMPLE OF PHARMACODYNAMICS

An example of pharmacodynamics is the binding of morphine to an opioid receptor. Morphine binds with the highest affinity to the mu receptor.

400

What are the medication's SE/AE?

- SE/AE: Adverse cardiac, renal, and CNS effects, nephrogenic DI, polyuria

400

What are the AE/SE of this medication?

SE/AE: Headache and QT prolongation

500

What routes can avoid the first-pass effect?

Alternative routes of administration, such as insufflation, suppository, intravenous, intramuscular, inhalational aerosol, transdermal, or sublingual, avoid the first-pass effect because they allow drugs to be absorbed directly into the systemic circulation.

500
Provide the blackbox warning and patient education on the use of lithium.

- Black box warning: Monitor lithium levels for toxicity due to narrow therapeutic index 

- Requires regular lab monitoring. Due to interfering with ADH, the patient must drink sufficient fluids

500

What routes are available for the administration of Zofran

Available PO, IV, IM, ODT o Often given ODT (oral disintegrating tablet)