Pharmacology and Related Terms
What is the branch of medicine that studies the uses and effects of drugs?
Pharmacology
How are drug classes organized?
Based on their indications, or the action of the drug in the body.
Name at least 5 different route drugs can be administered by?
What is a fine spray or mist containing particles suspended in gas?
Aerosol
Which system of measurement is used in healthcare settings?
The Metric System
What is the vocabulary term to describe what a drug does to the body?
Pharmacodynamics
True or False: Contraindications for a drug may apply to a whole drug class.
Give an example.
True
Ex: NSAIDs are contraindicated for patients who are at risk for bleeding
After a drug enters into the bloodstream and moves through the body to where it is needed, it interacts with receptors, what happens next?
The drug works by either activating receptors or deactivating them.
Receptors are parts of the cells that receive chemical information.
What is a liquid mixture containing drug particles that are not completely dissolved?
Suspension
How many mg are equal to 1 gram?
1000mg = 1gram
What is the vocabulary term that describes what the body does to a drug?
Pharmacokinetics
What are fever-reducing drugs classified as?
Antipyretics
True or False: All drug effects, including side effects can be local or systemic?
Explain the difference.
True
Local effects happen where the drug was touched, Systemic effects affect all body systems, tissues, or organs.
Tablet
Name three instances when a medication should be discarded and not administered?
When the medication has expired
When the medication has been contaminated or damaged
When a patient refuses a medication after it has been prepared
What is the vocabulary term for the reasons a patient takes a prescribed medication?
What is the vocabulary term for reasons a medication should not be taken by a patient, or should be taken with caution?
Indications/Contraindications
What are antitussives prescribed to treat?
Cough
What is a type of reaction that cannot be predicted called?
Idiosyncratic drug reaction - it is not related to the dose or to the known effects of the drug.
Idiosyncratic means: unusual or unpredictable
A medication that has the same texture as hard candies, they release medication when dissolved in the mouth.
Lozenges
What are the six "rights" of medication?
The right patient, the right medication, the right dose, the right route, the right time, the right documentation
What does the acronym: ADME stand for when referring to the four stages a person processes a drug after it is administered?
Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion
When was the Controlled Substances Act passed and why?
1970, relates to drugs that may be abused or cause addiction, drugs were defined or scheduled according to their level of risk.
Drug interactions range from mild to severe, some can be life-threatening, what are the three different types of drug interactions MAs should be aware of?
Give an example of each.
Drug-disease interaction - when drugs may help one condition but make another condition worse
Drug-drug interaction- when drugs interact the action of one drug changes the effects of another
Drug-nutrient interaction - food, beverages, and dietary supplements - grapefruit juice
A type of medication made of a hard or soft gelatin that breaks apart or dissolves in the stomach.
Capsules
Drug name, Strength, Dosage Form, Dose, Directions for Use, Refills?