Upper GI Medications
A drug from which class, prescribed to prevent PUD, is included in the treatment of H. Pylori?
Antibiotics
Which laxative is best for reestablishing normal bowel function when discontinuing chronic stimulant laxative use?
a. Castor Oil
b. Glycerin Suppository
c. Lactulose
d. Mineral Oil
Glycerin suppository
What is the primary concern when administering iron dextran parenterally?
A. Constipation
B. Black, tarry stools
C. Anaphylactic reactions
D. Tooth enamel staining
C. Anaphylactic reactions
Which of the following is the most widely used synthetic thyroid hormone for replacement therapy?
A. Liothyronine (Cytomel)
B. Levothyroxine (Synthroid)
C. Liotrix (Thyrolar)
D. Propylthiouracil (PTU)
B. Levothyroxine (Synthroid)
A patient with Cushing syndrome is prescribed ketoconazole before an adrenalectomy. What is the primary purpose of this medication in this context?
A. To prevent fungal infections after surgery
B. To block the adrenal gland from producing steroids
C. To treat urinary tract infections before surgery
D. To prevent skin infections in surgical patientsv
B. To block the adrenal gland from producing steroids
The generic names for Histamine2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs) share which common suffix?
-dine
Which of the following correctly describes the mechanism of action for bulk-forming laxatives?
A. They increase peristalsis via intestinal nerve stimulation
B. They absorb water to increase bulk and distend the bowel to initiate reflex bowel activity
C. They increase fecal water content by drawing water into the intestines osmotically
D. They promote more water and fat in the stools by lubricating fecal material
B. They absorb water to increase bulk and distend the bowel to initiate reflex bowel activity
What is the appropriate administration method for oral iron preparations to maximize absorption?
A. Take with milk to reduce GI distress
B. Take with antacids to prevent stomach upset
C. Take between meals
D. Take immediately before bedtime
C. Take between meals
A patient with Graves' disease is being treated with methimazole. Which statement is correct regarding this medication?
A. It destroys existing stores of thyroid hormone
B. It is the first-line drug for hypothyroidism
C. It does not cause the liver damage associated with propylthiouracil
D. It is safer than propylthiouracil during the first trimester of pregnancy
C. It does not cause the liver damage associated with propylthiouracil
A patient with Addison's disease is receiving hydrocortisone replacement therapy. Which of the following statements indicates effective patient education?
A. "If I become ill, the dose needs to be reduced"
B. "I should keep an emergency supply of this drug available at all times"
C. "It's important to take the medication at bedtime"
D. "I can expect my blood sugar levels to be high"
B. "I should keep an emergency supply of this drug available at all times"
Which of the following is a mechanism by which sucralfate [Carafate] works to treat peptic ulcers?
A. Irreversibly binds to H+/K+ ATPase enzyme
B. Competitively blocks the H2 receptor of parietal cells
C. Creates a protective barrier on the ulcer site
D. Stimulates prostaglandin synthesis
C. Creates a protective barrier on the ulcer site
What is the primary concern with long-term, high-dose therapy of metoclopramide?
A. Severe constipation
B. Irreversible tardive dyskinesia
C. Increased bleeding time
D. Adrenal suppression
B. Irreversible tardive dyskinesia
When administering epoetin alfa to patients with chronic kidney disease, what is the target hemoglobin level that should not be exceeded?
A. 9 g/dL
B. 11 g/dL
C. 13 g/dL
D. 15 g/dL
B. 11 g/dL
Which laboratory test is most appropriate to monitor for determining whether a dose adjustment is needed for a patient on levothyroxine?
A. Serum iodine level
B. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)
C. Serum free T4 test
D. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
D. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
When administering somatropin to a pediatric patient with growth hormone deficiency and type 1 diabetes, which condition is most important for the nurse to monitor?
A. Hypothyroidism
B. Hyperglycemia
C. Hypertension
D. Renal insufficiency
B. Hyperglycemia
A patient is prescribed cimetidine [Tagamet] and aluminum hydroxide [Maalox]. What is the correct administration schedule?
A. Take the medications together to enhance effectiveness
B. Take cimetidine 2 hours before aluminum hydroxide
C. Take aluminum hydroxide 2 hours before cimetidine
D. Administer at least 1 hour apart
D. Administer at least 1 hour apart
A patient is prescribed scopolamine for motion sickness. Which side effect should they be warned about?
A. Hypotension
B. Diarrhea
C. Blurred vision
D. Respiratory depression
C. Blurred vision
What is the most common adverse effect associated with filgrastim (Neupogen)?
A. Bone pain
B. Hypertension
C. Autoimmune pure red-cell aplasia
D. Esophageal corrosion
A. Bone pain
Which instruction should a nurse provide to a patient taking levothyroxine?
A. Take the medication with meals to prevent gastrointestinal upset
B. Take the medication 30-60 minutes before meals on an empty stomach
C. The medication can be taken with antacids
D. Take the medication at bedtime for optimal absorption
B. Take the medication 30-60 minutes before meals on an empty stomach
A patient with acromegaly would most likely be treated with which of the following medications?
A. Somatropin (Humatrope)
B. Desmopressin (DDAVP)
C. Octreotide (Sandostatin)
D. Vasopressin
C. Octreotide (Sandostatin)
What is the primary reason that amoxicillin's antibacterial activity against H. pylori is enhanced when combined with omeprazole?
A. Omeprazole increases the absorption of amoxicillin
B. Amoxicillin's activity is highest at a neutral pH
C. The combination prevents bacterial resistance
D. Omeprazole increases blood flow to the gastric mucosa
B. Amoxicillin's activity is highest at a neutral pH
The mechanism of action for diphenoxylate and loperamide in treating diarrhea is:
A. Coating the GI tract and binding to bacteria and toxins
B. Increasing intestinal muscle tone
C. Decreasing bowel motility
D. Modifying intestinal flora
C. Decreasing bowel motility
Which of the following is a correct nursing implication when administering iron dextran?
A. Administer the full dose at once to maximize effectiveness
B. Administer subcutaneously in the abdominal area
C. Give a test dose and wait 1 hour before administering the remainder
D. Mix with antacids to prevent GI distress
C. Give a test dose and wait 1 hour before administering the remainder
A patient with hyperthyroidism is prescribed radioactive iodine-131 (131I). Which statement is correct regarding this treatment?
A. It has an immediate effect on reducing thyroid hormone levels
B. It has a half-life of 30 days
C. It takes 2 to 3 months for full effect
D. It is the preferred treatment for pregnant women with Graves' disease
C. It takes 2 to 3 months for full effect
Which findings would be a priority to report to the provider if a patient is prescribed fludrocortisone?
A. BP 135/88 mmHg
B. Flushed, dry skin
C. Nausea and Vomiting
D. Weight gain of 2lbs in 24 hours
D. Weight gain of 2lbs in 24 hours