Antiulcer
Famotidine drug class
Histamine H2 Antagonist
Caffeine citrate indications
neonatal apnea, headache (especially post-spinal tap)
What are things to monitor for when a patient is taking DESMOPRESSIN?
Monitor sodium, osmolality, blood pressure, urine output, HR, daily weight for effectiveness and volume status monitoring
Desmopressin can cause ______
hyponatremia
What foods affect the absorption of thyroid hormone?
broccoli, cabbage, and soy products
Calcium Carbonate (Tums), Aluminum Hydroxide indications
Neutralize gastric acid, inactivate pepsin, and bind bile salts (Use for symptomatic relief of GERD)
Methylphenidate/Dexmethylphenidate mechanism of action
Blocks the reuptake of norepinephrine and dopamine into the presynaptic neurons
• Stimulates the cerebral cortex
Levothyroxine (synthetic T4) is the preferred replacement in primary hypothyroidism and should be taken when/how?
Oral dosing daily should be taken on an empty stomach 30-60 minutes before breakfast
Side effects of Levothyroxine (usually due to overmedication)
tachycardia, hypertension, nervousness, irritability, weight loss, diarrhea, tremors
How should topical glucocorticoids be applied?
In a thin layer, and Wash hands after application.
Omeprazole (Prilosec), Pantoprozole (Protonix) drug class
Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPI) (“prazoles”)
What is Adderall used for?
ADHD and narcolepsy
What is the drug of choice for maintenance treatment of thyrotoxicosis?
Methimazole
Acute (<14 days) side effects of GLUCOCORTICOID
Hyperglycemia
Hypertension
Sodium/water retention (edema) – more with increasing mineralocorticoid activity
Insomnia (common) and/or psychosis (uncommon)
Peptic ulcers
Weight gain/increased appetite
Prolonged use of Methimazole can cause what?
A goiter
Sucralfate (Carafate) indications
promotes ulcer healing (not first line)
Is Modafinil (given for narcolepsy) a controlled substance?
Yes, C-IV controlled substance
Antithyroid medications can cause hypothyroidism and thyroid replacement can lead to hyperthyroidism. In either case, self-monitoring of ____ and _______.
heart rate and blood pressure.
Main side effects of FLUDROCORTISONE
Hypernatremia, edema/hypervolemia, hypertension, hypokalemia
A patient has adrenocortical insufficiency and was taking hydrocortisone 50 mg every 8 h IV for 10 days. Before discharge, the drug was switched to prednisone for several more days. Which is appropriate teaching for discharging a patient with oral prednisone?
A. Stop the drug when feeling better.
B. Prednisone is always given by injection.
C. The dose needs to be tapered off over 1 to 2 weeks.
D. Hyperkalemia is common.
C. The dose needs to be tapered off over 1 to 2 weeks.
What is FIRST LINE treatment for H. Pylori Eradication?
Extra 200 points for 2nd line treatment as well :)
PPI + clarithromycin (macrolide) + amoxicillin (triple therapy)
*Metronidazole may be used in place of amoxicillin in penicillin-allergic patients
SECOND LINE:
PPI or histamine2 receptor blocker + bismuth subsalicylate + tetracycline + metronidazole (quadruple therapy)
Phentermine and topiramate ER (Qsymia) are what class of drugs?
WEIGHT-LOSS MEDICATIONS
(ANOREXIANTS)
GLUCOCORTICOIDS indications
**also what drugs are glucocorticoids?
replace cortisol in adrenal insufficiency, immunosuppressant (anaphylaxis, asthma, MS), anti-inflammatory effects (gout, poison ivy)
**Hydrocortisone, Prednisone, Fludrocortisone
Adverse effects of Methimazole?
Agranulocytosis, vasculitis, drug-induced lupus, and hepatotoxicity
(NOT VERY COMMON THO)
The normal response to increased serum osmolality is the release of:
ADH from the posterior pituitary gland, which stimulates the kidney to reabsorb water.