NSAIDs: Side, Adverse Effects and Interactions
$800: Taking NSAIDs alongside these medications may increase the risk of liver damage, especially with high-dose or prolonged use.
What are alcohol or hepatotoxic medications (e.g., acetaminophen)?
$200: Patients on diuretics should be instructed to take their medication in the morning to avoid this common sleep disturbance.
What is nocturia (frequent urination at night)?
$100: This common side effect of both SABAs and LABAs is often seen due to their stimulant effects on the heart.
What is tachycardia?
$600: Patients should be educated on proper inhaler technique, which includes this action to ensure the medication reaches the lungs and not just the mouth.
What is exhale fully before inhaling the medication?
$600: When administering antibiotics like vancomycin, this serious condition can occur if the infusion is too rapid.
What is "Red Man Syndrome"?
$400: This NSAID side effect may manifest as fluid retention, weight gain, and high blood pressure, which can worsen pre-existing hypertension.
What is renal impairment or kidney dysfunction?
$400: Diuretics can lead to dehydration, which can cause this condition characterized by low blood pressure, dizziness, or fainting when standing up.
What is orthostatic hypotension?
$500: A rare but potentially life-threatening reaction to both SABAs and LABAs, characterized by swelling of the face, tongue, and airway, is called:
What is angioedema?
$200: LABAs, such as salmeterol and formoterol, should never be used as a first-line treatment for asthma without this type of medication for added protection.
What is an inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)?
$700: Patients taking this antibiotic, such as ciprofloxacin, should be advised to avoid prolonged exposure to sunlight due to an increased risk of this skin reaction.
What is photosensitivity?
$700: Patients with this pre-existing condition should be cautioned against using NSAIDs, as they are at higher risk for gastrointestinal bleeding, kidney damage, and fluid retention.
What is a history of peptic ulcer disease?
$100: This electrolyte imbalance is a common concern for patients on thiazide diuretics, which can lead to weakness, muscle cramps, and arrhythmias.
What is hypokalemia?
$700: This common cardiovascular side effect, especially in patients with pre-existing heart conditions, is associated with both SABAs and LABAs.
What is arrhythmias?
$400: This is the typical dosing schedule for LABAs, such as salmeterol, in patients with asthma or COPD.
What is twice a day (every 12 hours)?
$500: This is a potential adverse effect that can occur with antibiotics like tetracycline and doxycycline, especially in children and pregnant women.
What is tooth discoloration or enamel hypoplasia?
$800: Taking NSAIDs with this class of medication can increase the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding, especially in older adults.
What are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)?
$600: When a patient is on a diuretic, it's important to monitor renal function through these two lab values.
What are creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN)?
$1000: Patients taking SABAs or LABAs may be at risk for this electrolyte imbalance, especially if used excessively or combined with diuretics.
What is hypokalemia (low potassium)?
$900: Patients should be instructed to rinse their mouth after using a combination inhaler that contains a LABA and an ICS to reduce the risk of this condition.
What is oral thrush (or candidiasis)?
$700: Patients receiving antibiotics like ciprofloxacin should be closely monitored for this musculoskeletal complication, which can lead to rupture of this, especially in those over the age of 60.
What is tendonitis or tendon rupture?
$1000: When NSAIDs are taken with these types of medications, they may lead to increased levels of the NSAID and a higher risk of toxicity, especially in patients with renal impairment.
What are diuretics (e.g., furosemide)?
$800: Diuretics can increase the effect of this cardiac drug, raising the risk of toxicity and resulting in symptoms like nausea, vomiting, and visual disturbances.
What is digoxin?
$800: While SABAs are typically used for immediate relief, excessive use of these medications can increase the likelihood of this side effect, particularly with doses higher than recommended.
What is paradoxical bronchospasm?
$600: LABAs are generally prescribed for patients with this chronic respiratory condition, helping to prevent nighttime symptoms and improve lung function over 12 hours.
What is Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)?
$600: When prescribing a broad-spectrum antibiotic, it’s important to assess for this, which can lead to superinfections such as C. difficile infection.
What is antibiotic resistance or overgrowth of normal flora?