General Principles
Two drugs that are found to be chemically equivalent, but not biologically equivalent or therapeutically equivalent are said to differ in
Bioavailability
The neurotransmitter released from a preganglionic neuron in the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) is
acetylcholine.
True or False:
Metronidazole has antiinflammatory activity.
True
Mr. Garza indicates on his medical history that he is taking isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and rifampin. What is the most likely reason he is taking these medicines?
Tuberculosis
Which herbal supplement products have been proven effective in protecting against plaque and gingivitis?
Xylitol
Which drug legislation act was instrumental for the growth of electronic prescribing?
Medicaid modernization act
The parasympathetic fibers originate in the nuclei of the _____ segments of the spinal cord.
cranial nerves and sacral
The maximum safe dose of epinephrine for the cardiac patient is _____ mg.
0.04
A deficiency of adrenocorticosteroids is ________, and an excess is __________.
Addison disease; Cushing syndrome
What is the American Dental Association (ADA) recommendation for persons at low risk for caries?
Fluoridated dentifrices
Administering a drug of greater potency is better because drugs of greater potency do not require as high a dose.
The first part of the statement is false; the second is true.
When the SANS is stimulated, the adrenal _____ releases primarily _____ into the systemic circulation.
medulla; epinephrine
Procaine (Novocaine) is metabolized primarily by the
Plasma
Albuterol is a bronchodilator that can be administered via a metered-dose inhaler (MDI).
True
Which person should receive professionally applied fluoride products according to recommendations of the American Dental Association?
Persons at high risk for caries who have had active caries in the past 3 years
The route of administration of a drug affects
Both the onset and duration of response
Which of the following choices would occur during a generalized discharge of the sympathetic nervous system?
Glycogen Breakdown
Which of the following is used prophylactically against candidiasis in immunocompromised patients or for the treatment of candidal infections that do not respond to other agents?
Fluconazole
Which of these antiinfective drugs is contraindicated in a pregnant patient?
Tetracycline
acyclovir, valacyclovir, and penciclovir
Medications prescribed to treat the herpes simplex viruses
How many half-lives of repeated dosing does it take to reach a steady state in the body?
Four or Five
Patients pretreated with _____ agents are prone to epinephrine reversal.
α-adrenergic blocking
Benzodiazepines are indicated for epilepsy because they
limit the spread of abnormal activity to other parts of the brain.
Which of the following types of patients is least likely to require steroid supplementation for most routine dental procedures?
A patient with secondary adrenal insufficiency
Which medications are indicated for the treatment of candidiasis?
Ketoconazole, clotrimazole, nystatin, and fluconazole
Main one for boards is NYSTATIN