CBC
What is thRBCe normal value of RBC?
Male 4.7-6.1
Female 4.2- 5.4
How many oz of water should one take with medications if they cannot take with food to avoid nausea?
8
What tow test determine if an individual is on the right dose of warfarin?
PT/INR
Name the 3 ways the GI tract is different in an older adult than when they were younger.
decreased gastric emptying, decreased GI motility, and decreased blood flow to the GI tract.
Name 3 reasons why older adults are not compliant with their medications
Adverse effects, Financial issues, Drug misuse
What is all included in a CBC? Name at least 4
Metformin may decrease what two vitamins?
folic acid and vitamin B12
PTT levels are monitor for what medication gtt?
heparin
Drugs take longer to be broken down and remain active longer in the bloodstream, this is called.......
Metabolism
If a client uses several pharmacies, how is this a problem?
Safety of medications are not assess. Drug to drug interactions
When you have a low hemoglobin, what are the s/s?
Name 2 medications thats side effects is diarrhea that was mention in todays lecture
Antacids, antiulcer meds, ATB, antihypertensives, cholinergics
Name 3 reasons why one might have increased platelet count?
Iron deficiency anemia
Hemmorrhage, Splenectomy
RA
Polycythemia vera
Malignancy
High altitudes
Persistent cold temperature
strenuous exercise
Why does ASA have a hard time absorbing in the GI tract?
GI tract has decreased stomach acidity, and aspirin is highly acidic, therefore making it more difficult time being absorbed in the low acid environment
How can chronic laxative use be damaging besides dehydration and electrolyte imbalance?
Damage the intestinal walls, which can affect their musculature and their ability to absorb water, nutrients and medications.
Name 3 reasons why your WBC might be low
Bone marrow depression
reastion to antineoplastic agents
viral infections
Sepsis
radiation treatments
Phenytoin, NSAIDS, and metronidazole use
General nutritional deficiency use
Cancer
What drug class can mask a hypoglycemic episode?
Beta blockers
What is the normal range for INR and PTT
INR 1.0-1.50
PTT 22.1-43.1
Once a medication is absorbed into the bloodstream, it travels throughout the body to different tissue and to target cells, What part of metabolism is this?
Distibution
Acid base balance, fluid and electrolyte balance, and blood sugar are all affected when someone missuses this
Name the five kinds of WBC there are
Neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils
If digoxin is changed from a tablet to an elixir, what might you suspect the doctor might do to the order?
Digoxin dose will be reduced
What is the antidote for warfarin
Vitamin K
What does GFR stand for and what does it do?
Glomerular filtration rate, it decreases with age and it helps determine how well your kidneys filter out drugs from the kidneys.
Many times older adults do not take their meds b/c of side effects. Name some 3 drug categories that cause dry mouth
anticholinergics, antidiarrheals, antiemetics, antipsychotics, muscle relaxants, antihistamines, antiparkinsons