Modern France
This radical leader of the Jacobins was executed in 1794, ending the Reign of Terror.
Maximilien Robespierre
This naturalist and founder of the Sierra Club clashed with Gifford Pinchot over whether to preserve nature in its pristine state or use it for sustainable resource management.
John Muir
This open public space in Greek city-states served as a marketplace and a center for political discussions.
Agora
The first successful oil well in the United States was drilled in 1859 in this Pennsylvania town.
Titusville
This Argentine revolutionary fought alongside Fidel Castro and became a global symbol of rebellion.
Che Guevara
In 1871, this radical socialist government briefly ruled Paris before being violently suppressed by the French army
Paris Commune
This 1862 law, signed by Abraham Lincoln, encouraged westward expansion but also led to widespread environmental degradation.
The Homestead Act
Known as the "Father of History," this Greek writer chronicled the Greco-Persian Wars in The Histories.
Herodotus
In 1737, Pennsylvania officials tricked the Lenape into giving up land by using this questionable method of measurement.
Walking survey
In 1521, this Spanish conquistador led the expedition that resulted in the fall of the Aztec Empire.
Hernán Cortés
This 19th-century French writer penned Les Misérables and The Hunchback of Notre-Dame
Victor Hugo
In the 1880s, violent conflicts erupted in Texas as cowboys and small farmers destroyed this, which was causing starvation and killing their cattle.
Barbed Wire
In 480 BCE, King Leonidas and his 300 Spartans made a legendary last stand against Persian forces at this battle.
Battle of Thermopylae
In 1889, the failure of the South Fork Dam caused this deadly flood, which devastated a Pennsylvania town and killed over 2,200 people.
Johnstown Flood
This Latin American country elected Isabel Perón as the world's first female president in 1974.
Argentina
In 1805, Napoleon decisively crushed Austrian and Russian forces at this battle, often considered his greatest military triumph.
The Battle of Austerlitz
As President, Theodore Roosevelt signed this act in 1906, which allowed him to designate national monuments and protect public lands.
The Antiquities Act
This Greek mathematician wrote The Elements, a foundational text in geometry.
Euclid
This secretive group of Irish coal miners in Pennsylvania was accused of violent resistance against mine owners in the 19th century.
the Molly Maguires
Alphabetically, this southwestern pueblo group is last.
Zuni
French General Ferdinand Foch signed this 1918 agreement in a railway carriage, officially ending hostilities in World War I
Armistice of Compiègne
Enslaved people would sometimes use the environment to their advantage when it came to their escape, hiding in the inaccessible areas of swamps - sometimes for generations. Their communities were called this.
Maroon Communities
Introduced in the 5th century BCE, this practice allowed Athenians to vote to exile a citizen for ten years if they were deemed a threat to democracy.
Ostracism
In 1892, steelworkers in Pennsylvania clashed with Pinkerton detectives at this Andrew Carnegie-owned steel mill.
Homestead Steel Works
These enormous geoglyphs in the Peruvian desert, depicting animals and geometric shapes, have puzzled archaeologists for centuries.
Nazca Lines