Modern France
US Environmental
Ancient Greece
Pennsylvania
The Americas
100

This radical leader of the Jacobins was executed in 1794, ending the Reign of Terror.

Maximilien Robespierre

100

This naturalist and founder of the Sierra Club clashed with Gifford Pinchot over whether to preserve nature in its pristine state or use it for sustainable resource management.

John Muir

100

This open public space in Greek city-states served as a marketplace and a center for political discussions.

Agora

100

The first successful oil well in the United States was drilled in 1859 in this Pennsylvania town.

Titusville

100

This Argentine revolutionary fought alongside Fidel Castro and became a global symbol of rebellion.

Che Guevara

200

In 1871, this radical socialist government briefly ruled Paris before being violently suppressed by the French army

Paris Commune

200

This 1862 law, signed by Abraham Lincoln, encouraged westward expansion but also led to widespread environmental degradation.

The Homestead Act

200

Known as the "Father of History," this Greek writer chronicled the Greco-Persian Wars in The Histories.

Herodotus

200

In 1737, Pennsylvania officials tricked the Lenape into giving up land by using this questionable method of measurement.

Walking survey

200

In 1521, this Spanish conquistador led the expedition that resulted in the fall of the Aztec Empire.

Hernán Cortés

300

This 19th-century French writer penned Les Misérables and The Hunchback of Notre-Dame

Victor Hugo

300

In the 1880s, violent conflicts erupted in Texas as cowboys and small farmers destroyed this, which was causing starvation and killing their cattle.

Barbed Wire

300

In 480 BCE, King Leonidas and his 300 Spartans made a legendary last stand against Persian forces at this battle.

Battle of Thermopylae

300

In 1889, the failure of the South Fork Dam caused this deadly flood, which devastated a Pennsylvania town and killed over 2,200 people.

Johnstown Flood

300

This Latin American country elected Isabel Perón as the world's first female president in 1974.

Argentina

400

In 1805, Napoleon decisively crushed Austrian and Russian forces at this battle, often considered his greatest military triumph.

The Battle of Austerlitz

400

As President, Theodore Roosevelt signed this act in 1906, which allowed him to designate national monuments and protect public lands.

The Antiquities Act

400

This Greek mathematician wrote The Elements, a foundational text in geometry.

Euclid

400

This secretive group of Irish coal miners in Pennsylvania was accused of violent resistance against mine owners in the 19th century.

the Molly Maguires

400

Alphabetically, this southwestern pueblo group is last. 

Zuni

500

French General Ferdinand Foch signed this 1918 agreement in a railway carriage, officially ending hostilities in World War I

Armistice of Compiègne

500

Enslaved people would sometimes use the environment to their advantage when it came to their escape, hiding in the inaccessible areas of swamps - sometimes for generations. Their communities were called this.

Maroon Communities 

500

Introduced in the 5th century BCE, this practice allowed Athenians to vote to exile a citizen for ten years if they were deemed a threat to democracy.

Ostracism

500

In 1892, steelworkers in Pennsylvania clashed with Pinkerton detectives at this Andrew Carnegie-owned steel mill.

Homestead Steel Works

500

These enormous geoglyphs in the Peruvian desert, depicting animals and geometric shapes, have puzzled archaeologists for centuries.

Nazca Lines