Name That Old Guy
This old guy thought his inner self is the only thing that can be truly known
Descartes
define deontology
Moral actions are determined by a set of rules/laws
What does Hume mean when he says impressions are vivid?
They are direct, intense, and forcefully clear instances of information
Does Descartes believe in a soul?
Yes
For Hume, what is an idea?
A 'memory' of information based on an impression
This old guy would never pull the lever in the trolley problem
Kant
Does Kant care about our internal motivations for acting?
Yes, good wills are necessary for good actions
Name the new type of truth Kant "invents"
Synthetic A priori
Explain the evil demon hypothesis
There could be an evil demon inside our minds who is warping all of our perceptions. If this is the case, even the most basic facts could be false
Explain the Missing Shade of Blue experiment
He thinks we can't know anything other than our perceptions, but we should live like we can regardless
Hume
why is lying always wrong?
1. Because it is not acceptable in ALL cases, thus falls into the category of 'bad'. 2. Because lying steals autonomy from others
Explain Kant's view/thoughts on human value
Human life is intrinsically valuable because humans have moral responsibility. Allowing humans to make moral decisions based on truth is an inherent right
Why does Descartes think we can trust most of our experiences?
Because God made our ability to sense things, God is trustworthy and desires for us to experience truth
Instead of real relations between objects, Hume thinks we perceive ________
patterns
He invented a new type of truth in epistemology
Kant
Where do moral laws come from in Kant's view?
A priori reasoning. Universal instincts/conscience that everyone intuitively knows
Explain Kant's combination view of Descartes and Humes epistemology
Kant believed internal reason and a priori knowledge did play a role in how we process information. Yet, we need experiences to provide content, otherwise our thoughts are empty.
Explain how Descartes views the mind and body relationship
The mind is an immaterial substance that works in tandemn with the physical substance of our bodies
Explain Hume's Bundle Theory of Self
There is no unified inner self. What we think of as our 'soul' or 'consciousness' is simply various functions working together,