Pre-Colonial Period
A term for a spiritual leader, healer, and intermediary between the spirit and material worlds, often a woman or a feminized man.
Babaylan
He was the first Spanish governor-general of the Philippines. He arrived in the archipelago in 1565, establishing the first Spanish settlement in Cebu. Later, he made Manila the capital in 1571.
Miguel López de Legazpi
This treaty marked the end of Spanish colonial rule in the Americas and the Pacific, and signaled the emergence of the United States as a global power.
Treaty of Paris
It was the forcible transfer by the Imperial Japanese Army of around 72,000 to 78,000 American and Filipino prisoners of war (POWs) from the municipalities of Bagac and Mariveles on the Bataan Peninsula to Camp O'Donnell via San Fernando.
Bataan Death March
He was a Filipino lawyer, politician, dictator, and kleptocrat who served as the tenth president of the Philippines from 1965 to 1986.
Ferdinand E. Marcos Sr.
This is the direct exchange of goods and services between two or more parties without using money as a medium of exchange in the Philippines.
Barter Trade
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He was the Datu of Davao Gulf from 1830 till his death 1850, serving as vassal under the Sultanate of Buayan. He was also known for his dogged resistance against the Spanish Empire who went on to conquer his capital settlement of Pinagurasan, now present-day Davao City.
Datu Bago
He was the first Filipino to head a government of the entire Philippines from 1935 until his death in 1944.
Manuel L. Quezon
This was the largest naval battle of World War II and by some criteria the largest naval battle in history, with over 200,000 naval personnel involved.
Battle of Leyte Gulf
It was a political protest from January 17–20, 2001 which peacefully overthrew the government of Joseph Estrada, the thirteenth president of the Philippines.
Second EDSA Revolution or EDSA DOS
BONUS: x2 points if you can define the acronym of EDSA.
They were the feudal warrior class in ancient Tagalog society in Luzon, the Philippines.
Maharlika
He was a Filipino revolutionary who holds the distinction of having initiated the longest revolt in Philippine history on the island of Bohol from 1744 to 1800, roughly 56 years.
Francisco Dagohoy
BONUS: x2 points if you can guess the reason he died.
He is known for being a key figure in the Philippine Revolution and the Philippine-American War, and for being the last Filipino general to surrender to the Americans.
He served the shortest term as president of the Philippines, lasting for only 1 year and 300 days. He was vice president under Manuel L. Quezon.
Sergio Osmeña Sr.
He was a Filipino statesman who served as the seventh President of the Philippines, from December 30, 1953, until his death in an aircraft disaster on March 17, 1957, the most recent Philippine president to die in office.
Ramon Magsaysay
They are a specific class of slave in pre-colonial Philippine society, characterized by their complete dependence on their master and lack of their own property or dwelling.
Aliping Saguiguilid
It is a Philippine reformist society founded by José Rizal in Manila on July 3, 1892. Its aims were to unite the archipelago, promote social reforms, and defend against injustice.
La Liga Filipina
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This was a United States law passed in 1934 that established a 10-year transition period for the Philippines to gain independence from American rule.
Tydings–McDuffie Act or Philippine Independence Act
They are Filipino pro-Japanese collaborationist group formed during World War II. They actively assisted the Japanese Imperial Army in the Philippines, primarily by gathering intelligence, providing military support, and engaging in propaganda efforts.
MAKAPILI
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It was a proposed confederation in 1963 consisting of Malaya (now Malaysia), the Philippines, and Indonesia. It aimed to unite these nations based on their shared Malay heritage and cultural ties.
Maphilindo
It is a significant 10th-century artifact discovered in the Philippines, specifically near the mouth of the Lumbang River in Laguna de Bay. It is the earliest known Philippine document with a calendar date (900 CE) and is a copper plate containing a legal document, likely an acquittance or debt relief certificate.
Laguna Copperplate Inscription
CARRY ME: If the next team successfully answered their category, your team will get the same amount of points.
This is Jose Rizal's pen name
Laong Laan
He was a Filipino former Roman Catholic priest and revolutionary during the Philippine Revolution and Philippine–American War who became the first head and leader of the Iglesia Filipina Independiente
Gregorio Aglipay
This is a peasant uprising in the Philippines, primarily in Central Luzon, that began as a resistance movement against the Japanese during World War II and transformed into an armed conflict with the Philippine government and its American allies after the war.
Hukbalahap Rebellion
It is a political party in the Philippines which is the oldest existing party in the country and in Southeast Asia. It is responsible for leading the country throughout most of the 20th century since its founding in 1907.
Nacionalista Party
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