Module 1
Socrates claimed that he was wiser than for what reason?
What is knowing that he knows nothing?
This argument claims that believing in God is the safest “bet” because of potential infinite reward.
What is Pascal’s Wager?
This theory argues that the mind can extend beyond the brain into tools and the environment.
What is the extended mind thesis?
Bodies were stolen primarily to be used for this scientific practice.
What is anatomical dissection?
Sor Juana criticizes the inconsistent application of this between men and women.
What is morality (or virtue)?
Meno and Socrates are trying to figure out whether this can be taught.
What is virtue?
McMahan’s essay focuses on explaining what this is and why it harms us.
What is death?
This is the view that every event, including human actions, is caused by prior events and laws of nature.
What is determinism?
According to King, individuals have a moral responsibility to do this when laws are unjust.
What is disobey them (or break unjust laws)?
Louise’s foreknowledge of events raises the question of whether human actions are governed by this.
What is determinism?
Socrates uses this person to demonstrate that knowledge can be “recalled” without being directly taught.
Who is the slave boy?
This objection points out that Pascal’s Wager doesn’t tell you which religion or god to believe in.
What is the “many gods” objection?
Some critics argue that external tools lack this, which is needed for something to count as part of the mind.
What is genuine understanding (or true cognition)?
This ideal holds that decisions should be governed by stable, general rules rather than individual judgment.
What is the rule of law?
These two figures are used to contrast the expectations of a virtuous woman versus a courtesan.
Who are Lucretia and Thais?
This common view claims philosophers gain knowledge without relying on observation or experience.
What is the idea that philosophy is purely a priori?
Understanding how bad death is depends partly on questions about this—what makes someone the same person over time.
What is personal identity?
Pereboom concludes that we should abandon belief in free will but still maintain this for social and ethical reasons.
What is a system of moral practices (or ethics without free will)?
These two men became infamous for murdering people to sell their bodies for dissection.
Who are Burke and Hare?
This ethical theory evaluates actions based on the total happiness or well-being they produce, often referenced in Chidi’s teachings.
What is utilitarianism?
Williamson rejects the idea that philosophy is fundamentally different from this broader field of inquiry.
What is science (or empirical inquiry)?
Even if AI can simulate conversation, critics argue it may not truly possess this lived, social embeddedness.
What is genuine communal existence?
Leonard relies on these self-created records to anchor his identity, raising philosophical questions about memory and the extended mind.
What are tattoos (or notes/polaroids)?
The difference between how things exist in reality versus how they are formally established in law.
What is de facto versus de jure?
Season 1 suggests that morality may be less about fixed rules and more about this ongoing process.
What is ethical growth (or becoming a better person)?