Unit 5. General
What is the meaning of ''episteme''?
Knowledge
The level of knowledge that is based on religion or tradition
Belief
"There are no objective truths"
Relativism
Name the 3 most important anthropological philosophers in Ancient History
Socrates, Plato and Aristotle (SPA)
20th century philosophical current that believes that we are born with freedom and must accept the consequences of our actions
Existentialism
The focus of epistemology is on...
How human beings know reality
Criticism
''It is impossible to achieve knowledge of what is real"
Scepticism
The two schools of moral philosophy during the Hellenistic Period
Stoicism and Epicureanism
What 19th current defended a classless society with no private property?
Marxism
The three factors that can affect our sensitive knowledge
Physiological
Sociocultural
Personal
''Something is true if it doesn't contradict accepted statements''. What kind of criterion am I using?
Coherence
''There is one absolute truth, but individually we can only perceive a fragment of it"
Perspectivism
The main subject of philosophy during the Middle Ages was...
God
Reason, spirit and appetite
Reason: Governors
Spirit: Army, police
Appetite: Producers (farmers, artisans, etc.)
The three philosophical positions on the role of the senses and reasons in knowledge
If I get COVID and lose my sense of smell, what kind of factor is affecting my sensitive knowledge?
Physiological
"Reality is as we see it. Our mind does not participate in the process of knowing reality"
Realism
Three main features of the Enlightment
1. Faith in human reason
2. Universal human rights
3. Importance of education
Name at least two philosophers that thought of ''soul and body'' as two separate things
Plato, St. Augustine of Hippo, Thomas Acquinas, Descartes
Theories about the possibility or impossibility of knowledge
Dogmatism and Scepticism
Is building a house theoretical or practical knowledge?
Practical knowledge
"Our mind interprets reality. We only know the reality we perceive through our mental representations"
Idealism
The focus on human beings on their own occurred during...
The Renaissance
Empiricists were not interested in explaining the essence of human beings. They were interested in knowledge, morality and political actions.
Who thought that human beings are naturally selfish and violent? And what type of social organisation was best for him?
Hobbes. All power centred in a single individual that could guarantee peace and security.