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Philosophers
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Analysis
Example
Definition
1

The philosopher who proposed the MEMORY THEORY?

Who is John Locke?

1

The philosopher credited for saying "Cogito ergo sum" ("I think, therefore I am.")

Who is René Descartes 

1

Key points of René Descartes

  • Believed mind and body are two different substances.
  • Famous for "Cogito ergo sum" ("I think, therefore I am").
  • Proposed that mind-body interaction occurs through the pineal gland.
1

Phineas Cage was used as an example to support the idea that brain changes can affect the mind. The summary of Phineas' story.

  • Iron rod passes through his brain.
  • Personality changes dramatically afterward.
  • Used as evidence that physical brain changes can affect the mind.
1

Interactionism

What is the idea that mind and body affect each other. 

2

This philosopher argued that morality comes from reason rather than religion?

Immanuel Kant

2

Who said, "Act only according to that maxim which you can at the same time will that it should become a universal law without contradiction"?

Immanuel Kant

2

What are the three key ideas of Kantian Ethics?

  • Morality comes from reason.
  • Moral rules apply universally.
  • People must be treated as ends-in-themselves, never merely as means.
2

In class, we watched a video that included an example about two people named Elvira and Tony. What happened in this example?

A murderer came to the door asking where Tony was, and Kant argued that Elvira should not lie, even to save Tony's life.

2

What is a Hypothetical Imperative?

A command that should be followed only if you want a particular outcome.

3

Which philosopher said, "The unexamined life is not worth living"?

Socrates

3

Who said that meaning comes from belonging to and serving something beyond yourself?

Martin Seligman

3

What are the Four Pillars of Meaning

  • Belonging
  • Purpose
  • Transcendence
  • Storytelling
3

What was Sisyphus condemned to do?

  • Push a boulder up a mountain forever, only to watch it roll back down each time.
3

Existentialism

What is the view that people create their own meaning and determine the value of their lives. 

4

Which arab philosopher believed that a society that acts justly is what makes it beautiful

Al-Farabi

4

Which philosopher said "In order to be happy and find beauty, one must accept things as they are"

Buddha

4

What is plato's main view on art?

  • Believed art is a dangerous reflection or copy of society because of its power.  

  • Viewed art as a mere imitation (mimesis) of an imperfect world that distracts from higher truths.  

  • Used the Allegory of the Cave to show art as deceptive shadows steering people away from reality.  

4

Plato's allegory of the cave

What is a story about prisoners who have spent their entire lives chained inside a cave, only able to see shadows on a wall. They believe the shadows are reality because they have never seen the outside world. When one prisoner escapes and sees the real world, he realizes the shadows were only illusions. The allegory teaches that people can mistake appearances for reality and that education and knowledge help us discover the truth.

4

Subjectivity

What is the perception of information depends on an individual’s perception, opinion, feelings, or tastes.