Philosophers
She wrote that "one is not born but becomes a woman"
Who is Simone de Beauvoir?
They're the terms by Karl Marx for the working class and the class who owns most of society’s wealth
What are proletariat and bourgeoisie?
Beginning in the late 17th century, it's a movement that emphasized reason, empirical evidence, scientific method, liberty, and progress
What is the Enlightenment?
Utilitarianism
What is ethics?
1. He
Wrote that "existence precedes essence”
while 2. he
wrote Leviathan
while 3. she
wrote The Human Condition
Who are Jean-Paul Sartre, Thomas Hobbes, and Hannah Arendt?
The "general will" is associated with him
Who is Jean-Jacques Rousseau?
It's considered by Friedrich Nietzsche to be the ideal future human and an ultimate goal for humanity
What is the Übermensch?
Thomas Hobbes and John Locke lived through this period; it influenced their writings in vastly different ways
What is the English Civil War?
"Cogito, ergo sum"
What is epistemology?
He discussed moderate communitarianism
Who is Kwame Gyekye?
It's the view, explored by John Dewey, that regards language and thought as tools for action rather than ways of mirroring reality
What is pragmatism?
It began in response to several issues, including outdated feudalist structures, government bankruptcy, and negative views of the monarchy
What is the French Revolution?
Social contract theory and a priori
What are ethics and epistemology?
He discussed good acts being seen as ends in themselves rather than means to something else
Who is Immanuel Kant?
It's the idea that actions are right in proportion to the happiness they promote, and actions are wrong in proportion to the proportion of happiness they reverse
What is the greatest happiness principle/principle of utility?
It involved a deepened appreciation for nature, a focus on emotion over reason, and a focus on the individual
What is Romanticism/the Romantic Period?
The Apollonian and Dionysian
What is aesthetics?
He wrote that "Esse est percipi"
Who is George Berkeley?
René Descartes explores this topic, which is the nature of the relationship between the nonphysical experience of consciousness and the physical experience of existing in three dimensions
What is the mind-body problem?
One of its elements was a movement toward heliocentric thought
What is the Scientific Revolution?
Immaterialism and perspectivism
What are metaphysics and epistemology/ethics?