Ancient Philosophy
Conceptualized the relationship between the body and the soul as that between a sailor and a ship.
Who is Plato?
This is how Descartes distinguished the two types of substances in his metaphysics.
What are extended substance and non-extended/mental substance?
Kuhn introduces this concept to explain how science progresses.
What is a paradigm?
What is "Existence precedes essence"?
This pedagogical model is focused on memorization and regurgitation; it's hegemonic in much of the US school system currently.
What is the banking model of education?
Conceptualized the body and soul in terms of potentiality and actuality, respectively; the soul is the "principle of motion" actualizing the potentials of the body.
Who is Aristotle?
Hobbes claimed human beings were basically analogous to this.
What is a complex biological machine?
What is "Consciousness doesn't determine life, but life determines consciousness"?
Existentialists argue that this is the source of meaning.
What is human action/freedom?
This type of reasoning deals with probability.
What is inductive reasoning?
Socrates divides his accusers into these categories.
What is old and new?
What are the senses deceiving, the possibility of dreaming, and the evil demon?
Tolentino argues that phones have had the following effect on consciousness.
(Multiple answers possible): example - What is regulating our affects/mood?
The concept of bad faith refers to this.
What is denying one's freedom/responsibility?
This type of reasoning infers to the best possible explanation.
What is abductive reasoning?
These are the 4 main charges against Socrates in the Apology.
What is corrupting the youth, impiety, making the weaker argument the stronger, and claiming to have secret knowledge of nature?
What is the ability to do evil?
Kant argues that the following is the main source of social progress in history.
Intellectual independence
Simone de Beauvoir argues that Americans have a problematic relationship to these two things.
What are time and money?
This type of reasoning carries the weight of logical necessity, rather than probabilistic likelihood.
What is deductive reasoning?
These are the two sources of confusion mentioned in the Allegory of the Cave
Elizabeth criticizes Descartes' philosophy by pointing out this issue.
What is the interaction problem?
This astronomical advance caused a deep shift in humanity's self-understanding.
What is the Copernican revolution?
Existentialism identifies this universal feature of humanity.
An argument is this when its premises are false but the logical structure of the argument works.
What is valid but not sound?