Phlebotomy/Lab Skills Unit Review

Equipment

100

List the three components of the evacuated collection system.

Double-ended needle

Vacuum tube

Adapter/barrel/needle holder

200

Provide the correct terminology for the hole in the needle that allows blood to flow into the vacuum tube.

Bore

300

List two categories of tube additives and their purposes.

anticoagulants - keeps blood from clotting/clumping before it can be analyzed

preservative-maintains specimen integrity

400

Your patient cannot use alcohol or iodine.  What is the next skin cleanser of choice?

Chlorhexidine

500

The gray-top specimen collection tube contains what additive?

Sodium Fluoride Potassium Oxalate

Venipuncture

100

List 3 topics to be addressed when evaluating your patient before performing the venipuncture procedure.(not identification or checking doctor's order)

experience with previous blood draws

coagulation status

fasting status

200

List the following tubes in order of draw:

sodium heparin

EDTA

clot activator with polymer gel

clot activator/polymer gel

sodium heparin

EDTA

300

When should the tourniquet be released?

Once the last tube to be collected starts to fill

400

Transportation of specimens to the lab takes place in which phase of the phlebotomy procedure?

preanalytical

500

List the antecubital veins in order of use using proper medical terminology.

median

cephalic

basilic

Complications

100

The term given to pinpoint hemorrhagic spots under the skin.

petechiae

200

Describe where to draw blood from a patient with a history of right-sided mastectomy.

left arm

300

List 3 possible reasons for not obtaining blood after inserting the needle into a patient during venipuncture.

missed the vein

no vacuum in the tube

hit a valve

bevel against the vessel wall

too deep

too shallow

vein collapse

400

QUICK!  A hematoma is forming!  What should you do first?

release the tourniquet

500

Which of the following tests is thermolabile?

Potassium

Bilirubin

ABGs

Arterial blood gases (ABGs)

Capillary Puncture

100

Which drop of blood is the most useful for analysis by capillary puncture?

Second drop

200

Place the following tubes in order of draw for a capillary puncture:

lavender

red (no additive)

green

lavender

green

red

300

Which fingers, by number, may be used for capillary puncture.

middle finger #3

ring finger #4

400

The most common complication of not using an automated lancing device or by using the 5th finger to obtain the specimen.

osteomyelitis

500

True or False: Capillary puncture is a good alternative to venipuncture for the edematous patient because of the difficulty in finding a suitable vein in the antecubital space.

False - fingersticks on an edematous patient will result in diluted blood samples and will therefore yield incorrect results

Miscellaneous

100

Na, BUN and AST are all part of which lab test?

Comprehensive Metabolic Profile (CMP)

200

A urine specimen collected for urinalysis, but also with the possibility for being sent to the lab for C & S, must be collected by which method?

clean-caught (or midstream)

may also say catheterization

300

The most common manifestation of "needlephobia" is called __________ and list at least one symptom of this response.

vaso-vagal response resulting in sweating, nausea, lightheadedness and ultimately fainting

400

Which of the following is considered a high-complexity laboratory test?

pathological examination for malignancy

CBC by automated analyzer

rapid strep test

pathological examination for malignancy

500

List three types of specimens for which Chain of Custody protocol must be maintained.

Drug testing

Paternity testing

Forensic samples