Terminology
What is Communication, Language, and Speech?
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-Complex & dynamic system used to communicate
- Expression of thought into spoken words
What does SODA stand for?
Substitution, Omissions, Distortions, Additions
What is an articulation disorder
atypical production of phones
Name the Articulators
lips, tongue, mandible/ lower jaw, teeth, alveolar ridge, hard palate, velum/soft palate, uvula
Pin
Pain
What is Phonology?
-Study of how sound affects meaning. Concerned with abstract or mental aspect of sound in languages rather than with actual physical articulation of speech sounds (Yule, 1996)
ex: dat for kat
Fronting, a substitution process, when a velar or palatal sound is substituted with an alveolar sound
What is a phonological disorder
Impaired understanding of the rules of language related to sound
Describe vowels
Produced w/ no significant constriction in mouth, always produced w/ vocal fold vibration, highly resonant, more intense/louder=increased sonority
Sad
Seed
What does SSD stand for?
Speech Sound Disorder:(an umbrella term-ASHA) Refers to one or more of the following areas of difficulty that affect intelligibility: 1) perception 2)motor production 3)the phonological realization of speech sounds and segments 4) problems w/phonotactic rules & prosodic element
ex: fis for fish
depalatalization, substitution process, when a palatal sound is substituted for another sound
Name the 2 classification systems
-Speech Disorders Classification System
-The differential Diagnosis System
Describe consonants
produced w/ significant constriction in oral and/or pharyngeal cavities, produced with or without vocal fold vibration
Say
Same
Coarticulation
The overlapping of articulators during speech production
ex: nana for banana
Unstressed (weak) syllable deletion, a syllable structure process, the weak syllable in a word is deleted
voiced alveolar fricative
/z/
Describe monophthongs
one sound, one articulatory position, most English vowels
Rain
Pain
define: Peak/Nucleus and Coda
Peak/Nucleus: typically the vowel
Coda: consonant(s) that follow the nucleus of the syllable
ex: pwane for plane
Cluster simplification, a syllable structure process, simplifying/ swapping a consonant for an easier one
voiced bilabial glide
/w/
Describe Diphthongs
still considered one phoneme, two articulatory positions, tongue starts in place for 1st element (Onglide) and moves into 2nd element (Offglide) in continuous movement
Span
Spat