IPA symbols
represents the “sh” sound in “shoe”
/ʃ/
/h/ sound is made here
Glottal
The smallest unit of sound in language
Phoneme
Voiceless bilabial stop
/p/
information
ɪnfɚˈmeɪʃən
This sound is the “th” in “think”
/θ/
Sounds made with both lips
Bilabial
When two sounds are swapped and meaning changes
Minimal pair
Voiced alveolar nasal
/n/
photography
fəˈtɑgrəfi
This vowel sound is in “beat”
/i/
Sounds made with the tongue touching the soft palate
velar
The study of sound systems in language
Phonology
Voiceless labiodental fricative
/f/
communication
kəmjunəˈkeɪʃən
This diphthong is in “boy”
/ɔɪ/
“f” and “v” are made here
Labiodental
Different pronunciations of the same phoneme
Allophones
Voiced alveolar liquid
/l/
university
junəˈvɝsəti
This diphthong is in “cow”
/aʊ/
“t” and “d” are produced here
Alveolar ridge
Sound changes depending on surrounding sounds
Assimilation
Voiceless palatal alveolar
/tʃ/
availability
əveɪləˈbɪləti