Consonants
Manner of articulation where air is forced through a narrow opening in mouth to create friction.
What is a fricative?
Used to describe vowel sounds
What is tongue height, advancement, tension and lip rounding?
Transcription that uses the simplest possible set of symbols with less details and it is often referred to as phonemic transcription.
What is broad transcription?
The scientific study of speech sounds, including their form, substance and perception
What is phonetics?
A forward shift of a velar phoneme.
What is fronting? (E.g., /ti/ for /ki/ - front sound is substituted for a back sound)
A combination of two separate vowel sounds in the same syllable
What is a diphthong?
Used to describe the following vowels into a unique category:
/ɔ, ʊ, u, o/
What is rounding (rounded vowels)?
A set of symbols that linguists and other professionals use to describe the sounds of spoken languages
What is the International Phonetic Alphabet?
The smallest sound unit that distinguishes words from each other
What is a phoneme?
Simplifications of adult patterns children use during phonological development.
What is a phonological processes?
The main physiological difference between obstruents and sonorants
What is vocal fold vibration (voicing)?
Vowels that are produced without tension and cannot usually end a word in final position.
What are lax vowels?
The articulation of two or more speech sounds together, so that one influences the other.
What is coarticulation?
The different pronunciations of a given sound based on the surrounding context.
What is an allophone?
The sound system of a language. Includes sounds and their variations and rules for combining those sounds.
What is phonology?
Back part of the tongue that forms constriction in palato-velar area and used in velar sounds
What is the dorsum?
Called a “cardinal vowel” which serves as an anchor and appears early in speech of children.
what is the /i/?
The degree of prominence associated with a particular syllable in a word
What is stress?
An individual’s understanding of individual sounds in a word.
What is phonemic awareness?
Deleting one or more consonant sounds in a cluster
What is cluster reduction?
Six ways to describe how the airflow is obstructed when consonants are produced
What are stops, fricatives, affricates, nasals, liquids, and glides?
The most famous vowel in American English that can only occurs in unstressed syllables and in all word positions.
What is the schwa?
Stress is perceived by listeners as the vowel in the syllable being:
What is LONGER in duration, HIGHER in pitch and GREATER in intensity?
Part of the syllable that includes the vowel (nucleus) and the consonant that follows it (coda).
What is the rime?
Phonological processes can be divided into three general categories
What are Substitution processes, Assimilation processes and Syllable Structure processes?