Let's Be Narrow
What's a phone?
speech sounds in articulatory units
(What is actually said)
What are the 4 categories of suprasegmentals (in general, not just GAE)
stress, intonation, tone, length
Give an example of an L1 accent
UK english speaker
What are phonological processes?
developmental speech sound errors
What are 2 commonly used normed tests for articulation evaluation? (abrv.)
GFTA
CAAP
Give an example of a labialization
pool, sweet, took, good, etc
What are the 4 types of stress?
Lexical, grammatical, sentence, contrastive
What is an accent?
a distinct pronunciation of a language
What are the 3 major categories of phonological processes?
substitution, syllable structure, assimilation
What are the two most common types of ear infections found in children?
Otitis media with effusion (OME)
Acute otitis media (AOM)
What is the diacritic for velarization?
[~]
What type of words fall on a beat and also make saying a phrase longer?
content words
What is an L2 accent?
distinctive pronunciation of speech arising from differences in language
What is a lisp?
a substitution or distorition of /s/ or /z/, usually a misplacement of the tongue
What are the two primary uses for a hand mirror in an articulation therapy session?
helps clients visualize and adjust their articulators (ex. tongue position) and can be used to observe nasal emissions of oral sounds
Why are nasalization and nasal emissions different?
nasalized = coarticulation
nasal emission = resonance feature
What is another way of saying high rising terminal? What is it?
upspeak, declarative statements start rather high and continues to rise with an uptick at the end
What are the realms of comparative difference in L2 accents?
sound, structure, rhythm
What sounds do people with clefts demonstrate nasal emissions?
on sounds that need a high amount of intra-oral pressure (stops and affricates)
What are DDKs?
timed production of repetitive phoentic tasks (puh-tuh-kuh)
Narrowly transcribe this word: interpret
[ɪ̃n'tʰɜɹpɹ̥ət̚]
What are suprasegmentals?
continual modifications and alterations in stress, timing, and voice pitch in connected speech (interaction of segmentals)
What is code switching?
when a speaker alternates between two languages or elements of the languages (or between dialects and registers within the same language)
List the 9 common substitution processes
fronting, stopping, gliding, vocalization, affrication, deaffrication, depalatalization, labialization, alveolarization
What is the main purpose of an Oral Motor Evaluation (oral mech exam)?
to assess the function of the cranial nerves and evaluate the strength, range of motion, and symmetry of oral structures (lips, jaw, tongue, velum)