What is Photosynthesis?
What organisms do Photosynthesis?
Algae, cyanobacteria, plants
What is produced by the light reaction of photosynthesis?
Oxygen, ATP, NADPH
What is the name of organisms that perform photosynthesis?
Photoautotrophs
What is produced in the Calvin Cycle?
Sugar(glucose)
What are the main plant pigments?
Chlorophyll a and Chlorophyll b
Where is the energy used in photosynthesis obtained?
Light energy
What part of the chloroplast does the light-dependent reaction take place?
Thylakoid
What is the reaction center?
A special pair of chlorophyll pigments that get so excited that they give up one electron to an electron acceptor.
What three substances must be supplied to the Calvin Cycle?
ATP, CO2, NADPH
What makes up a photosystem?
Light-harvesting complex and Reaction center
In what cellular organelle does photosynthesis occur?
Chloroplast
What are the main steps of the light-dependent reaction(after light is absorbed)?
Photosystem II, Electron Transport Chain, Photosystem I, ATP Synthesis(end of PSI)
What metabolic pathway is photosynthesis an example of?
Anabolic pathway
What part of the chloroplast does the Calvin Cycle take place?
In the stroma(fluid inside chloroplasts)
What is one difference between PSII and PSI?
Absorb different wavelengths of light
Electrons go to different places(PSII- Electron Transport Chain, PSI-NADPH)
What is the primary light-gathering pigment in plants?
Chlorophyll
What form of energy do cells need in order to do work?
ATP
What is a thylakoid?
Innermost membrane/ 3rd inner membrane of a chloroplast
What does the Calvin Cycle do?
Fixes Carbon from CO2 to make GA3P(2 GA3P=1 Glucose)
Why is Rubisco important?
It fixes the carbon from CO2 into glucose, most abundant enzyme on the planet
What is the chemical equation for photosynthesis?
6CO₂ + 6H₂0 --->light energy --> C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂
What are the ATP and NADPH created in the light-dependent reaction used for?
To power the Calvin Cycle
What type of energy is light?
Electromagnetic energy
Describe the three stages of the Calvin Cycle
1. Carbon Fixation- Rubisco fixes Carbon from Carbon dioxide to RuBP, makes 2 3-PGA
2. Reduction of 3-PGA to GA3P- NADPH gives electrons to 3-PGA which is reduced to GA3P(2 GA3P=1 Glucose)
3. RuBP is regenerated- ATP regenerates RuBP
What is a granum?
A stack of thylakoids